海南坡鹿展区模拟生境改造——以海南热带野生动植物园为例  

Simulated Habitat Modification at Hainan Eld's Deer Exhibition Area:A Case Study from Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden

作　　者：张建飞 冯源[1] 饶晓东 马雪峰 王进军[3] 田秀华[4] ZHANG Jianfei;FENG Yuan;RAO Xiaodong;MA Xuefeng;WANG Jinjun;TIAN Xiuhua(College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden,Haikou,571154,China;Harbin Northern Forestry Zoo,Harbin,150322,China;College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学林学院,海口570228 [2]海南热带野生动植物园,海口571154 [3]哈尔滨北方森林动物园,哈尔滨150322 [4]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第4期744-752,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQD(2R)1985);嘉道理农场暨植物园科研项目。

摘　　要：当代动物园的设计理念不仅仅局限于展示,更注重对动物及其栖息地的保护和动物福利等方面的内容。为此,于2021年7月—2022年12月,通过野外收集适宜海南坡鹿(Rucervus eldii hainanus)栖息生境中的生态因子,在海南热带野生动植物园,对海南坡鹿展区进行模拟生境改造。模拟生境展区计划占地6.67 hm^(2),设计理念兼顾坡鹿的保护和沉浸式观赏体验,设计方案主要包括功能区营造、边界设计和科普教育。依据功能不同将展区分为3个部分,即野化放归区、游客观赏区和饲养管理区,不同的功能分区在植物配置、丰容物配置和观赏方式等方面进行差异化设计,增加环境的利用能力和游览的观赏性。边界设计采用自然隔障,营造沉浸式观赏体验。科普教育采用多种互动模式增加游客与坡鹿的接触机会,通过对坡鹿的了解,提高游客热爱自然、保护自然的意识。The design concept of contemporary zoos is not limited to display,but also focuses on the protection of animals and their habitats and animal welfare.To this end,from July 2021 to December 2022,we collected habitat information on wild Hainan Eld's deer(Rucervus eldii hainanus),aiming to modify habitat exhibition area of Hainan Eld's deer in Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden.The simulated habitat exhibition area is planned to cover an area of 6.67 hm^(2),and the design concept takes into account the protection of Hainan Eld's deer population and immersive viewing experience.The design scheme mainly includes functional zoning construction,boundary design,and popular science education,thereby the exhibition is divided into three parts,namely the rewilding area,the tourist viewing area and the breeding management area,and different functional zones are designed differently in plant configuration,enrichment materials configuration,appreciate mode and other aspects to increase the utilization capacity of Eld's deer.The boundary design uses natural barriers to create an immersive viewing experience.In terms of popular science education,a variety of interactive modes are adopted to increase the opportunities for tourists to contact with animals,and strengthen tourists' awareness of nature conservation through the understanding of the species of Eld's deer.

关 键 词：海南坡鹿 模拟生境 动物展区 动物福利 

分 类 号：Q95-339[生物学—动物学]