大熊猫从幼年到亚成体粪便真菌多样性及功能分析  

Fecal Fungal Diversity and Functional Analysis from Young to Subadult in Captive Giant Panda

作　　者：刘燕[1] 刘学锋[1] 胡昕[1] 郝菲儿 崔多英[1] 刘赫[1] 滑荣 卢岩[1] 郑常明[1] 杨明海[1] 张成林[1] LIU Yan;LIU Xuefeng;HU Xin;HAO Feier;CUI Duoying;LIU He;HUA Rong;LU Yan;ZHENG Changming;YANG Minghai;ZHANG Chenglin(Beijing Zoo,Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies,Beijing,100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京动物园管理处,圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第4期815-821,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：北京市公园管理中心项目(kjxx2021006);北京动物园开放项目(ZDK202206);北京动物园园级项目(KGBZ202206)。

摘　　要：为分析圈养幼年大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)向亚成体转变过程中的真菌菌群组成和变化规律,以北京动物园圈养的3只14~36月龄大熊猫为研究对象,通过Mi Seq测序平台分别测定3只大熊猫14、16、21、26、31、36月龄粪便样本的真菌菌群多样性和群落功能。结果表明:(1)3只大熊猫个体间的真菌群落多样性和丰富度均无显著差异,26月龄的真菌群落多样性和丰富度均最高;(2)门水平上,3只大熊猫的主要菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),36月龄与其他月龄差异较大,主要体现在担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、Phragmoplastophyta、unclassified_d__Eukaryota、unclassified_k__Metazoa__Animalia_和unclassified_k__Fungi等,说明不再饲用奶粉的36月龄大熊猫真菌组成发生较大变化;(3)真菌群落功能预测发现3只大熊猫的真菌主要属于腐生营养型。研究结果可为亚成体大熊猫肠道微生态健康状况评估提供基础数据参考。The fecal fungal diversity of three giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) at 14,16,21,26,31 and 36 months old from Beijing Zoo were tested respectively using MiSeq sequencing platform.The composition and dynamics of fungal flora from young to subadult were quantified.Results showed that:(1) there was no difference in richness and diversity of fungal community among three pandas.The diversity and richness of fungal community was the highest at 26-month-old.(2) At the level of phylum,the fecal fungi were mainly Ascomycota.The fungal community at 36-month-old was different from those of the other age groups,mainly relative to Basidiomycota,Phragmoplastophyta,unclassified_d__Eukaryota,unclassified_k__Metazoa __Animalia_ and unclassified_k__Fungi,etc.,suggesting that the fungal composition of the 36-month-old giant pandas was also changed significantly,after stopping from being fed with milk.(3) According to the prediction of fungal analysis,the fungi of three giant pandas were mainly characterized to be saprophytic type.The research findings can provide basic data for evaluation of intestinal microecological health of subadult giant pandas.

关 键 词：大熊猫 粪便 真菌多样性 功能分析 亚成体 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]