率由旧章:从华人相关命案再探清朝在朝鲜领事裁判权的实相(1882~1894)  

Following Precedents:The Consular Jurisdiction of Qing in Choson(1882-1894)

作　　者：周国瑞 Zhou Guorui(Qilu Normal University)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁师范学院历史系

出　　处：《当代韩国》2023年第3期63-79,共17页Contemporary Korea

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“晚清在朝‘领事裁判权’研究(1882~1894)”(项目编号:21FSSB012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清光绪年间,对于在朝鲜华人与朝鲜人之间的命案,清朝积极主动,力求公正结案;朝鲜在华人为嫌犯的案件中表现主动,却在华人为受害者的案件中消极应对。朝鲜的司法行为限制了清朝在朝鲜的领事裁判权,而清朝没有因为享有领事裁判权干涉朝鲜的司法主权。清朝将涉案华商引渡回国受审、派人监督朝鲜行刑的举措,不能看作是因享受领事裁判权而对朝鲜主权的干涉。由于清朝与朝鲜宗藩关系的存在,所以清朝的司法措置不过是两国司法传统在现世的率由旧章而已,这同帝国主义列强凭借领事裁判权肆意破坏中国司法主权的行为有质的区别。From 1882 to 1894,the Qing Dynasty took the initiative to solve the murder cases between Chinese and Choson.In contrast,the Choson was proactive in cases that Chinese were suspects,but passive in cases that Chinese were victims.These judicial acts of the Choson limited the consular jurisdiction of the Qing Dynasty,who did not interfere with the judicial sovereignty of the Choson.Although it had consular jurisdiction,the Qing Dynasty extradited Chinese people involved in the cases to China for trial and sent people to supervise the execution in Choson.This does not mean that the Qing Dynasty infringe upon Choson's judicial sovereignty because it was the judicial tradition between Qing and Choson.Therefore,the Qing Dynasty was just following precedents and it was very different from the consular jurisdiction of western imperialist powers ran in China.

关 键 词：命案 袁世凯 领事裁判权 中朝商民水陆贸易章程 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学] K256[历史地理—历史学] K312.41[历史地理—中国史]