玉米百粒重及单株产量遗传改良效果  

Genetic Improvement Effect of 100-grain Weight and Yield per Plant of Maize

作　　者：马文宇[1,2] 杨巍 任雪娇[1] 王英百[1] 姜良宇 杨伟光 MA Wenyu;YANG Wei;REN Xuejiao;WANG Yingbai;JIANG Liangyu;YANG Weiguang(College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Province Seed Management Station,Changchun 130033,China;Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Crop Science,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省种子管理总站,长春130033 [3]吉林农业大学作物学博士后流动站,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2023年第5期523-530,共8页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200402018NC,20210202005NC)。

摘　　要：以Non-Reid群骨干自交系PH4CV、PHB1M为基础材料,采用DH育种技术等方法,经2轮遗传改良分别育成4个改良系(J9D207、J1886、J1518、J1608)。以4个改良系及2个基础系为父本,5个Reid群骨干自交系为母本,组配30个杂交组合。首先,利用SSR分子标记技术,对改良系的遗传多样性进行分析;其次,通过NCⅡ设计方法,对改良系的遗传增益、杂种优势及配合力进行分析。结果表明:基础系与改良系之间存在遗传差异性;遗传增益分析表明,第2轮改良系J1518在百粒重和单株产量上的遗传增益高于基础系12.06%和15.70%,高于第1轮改良系6.00%和7.35%;杂种优势分析表明,百粒重最高的组合为J1598×J1518;单株产量最高的组合为J1595×J1518。配合力分析表明,第2轮改良系的J1518均有较高的配合力。可见第2轮改良系J1518改良效果最好。The improvement of maize germplasm resources is an important way to solve the narrow genetic basis of maize.In this study,the backbone inbred lines PH4CV and PHB1M of the Non-Reid group were used as the basic materials,and four improved lines(J9D207,J1886,J1518 and J1608)were produced through two rounds of genetic improvement by DH breeding techniques.Four improved lines and two basic lines were used as the male parent,and five backbone inbred lines of Reid group were used as the female parent.SSR molecular marker technology was used to analyze the genetic diversity of the improved lines,and the results showed that there were genetic differences between the basic lines and the improved lines.Secondly,by NCⅡdesign method,the improved genetic gain,heterosis and combining ability were analyzed.Genetic gain analysis showed that the genetic gain of the second round of improved line J1518 in 100-grain weight and yield per plant was 12.06%and 15.70%higher than those of the basic lines,and 6.00%and 7.35%higher than those of the first round.Heterosis analysis showed that the combination with the highest 100-grain weight was J1598×J1518,and the combination with the highest yield per plant was J1595×J1518.Combining ability analysis showed that the second round of improved line J1518 had the best effect.The results indicate that the second round improvement system J1518 has the best improvement effect.

关 键 词：玉米 百粒重 单株产量 配合力 杂种优势 SSR分子标记 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]