党的领导法规之根本规范演进史——党章总纲末段的一种导读  

The Evolution of the Fundamental Norms of the Party's Leadership Regulations:An Introduction to the Last Paragraph Of General Principles of the Party Constitution

作　　者：蒋清华[1] Jiang Qinghua

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《党内法规研究》2023年第4期33-49,共17页Research on Intraparty Rules and Regulations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国共产党依规治党的历史逻辑、理论逻辑与实践逻辑研究”(21&ZD042)。

摘　　要：十二大党章首次在总纲末尾专辟一段规定党如何实施领导,其后40余年间经历了5次修改,分析其历史演进有助于深入理解党的领导法规之根本规范。在问题导向上,党章总纲末段对党的领导进行规范的战略考量历经从“坚持和改善”到“加强和改善”再到“加强和完善”的变迁。在内容规定上,党章总纲末段从“五个必须”扩充到“八个必须”,形成基石规范—目标性规范—原则性规范的总体逻辑。在基石规范上,经历史解释可知党章总纲末段原第1句“党的领导主要是政治、思想和组织的领导”是指领导途径,但后来在理解上滑向领导内容说、实质说,十九大党章将其删除,代之以“党是领导一切的”等规定,这就在党发挥领导作用主要途径的基础上,为创新领导方式方法留出空间。在新征程上,党章应更大篇幅、更富条理地阐明党的领导法规之根本规范。The Party Constitution promulgated by the 12th National Congress of the CPC firstly devoted one paragraph at the end of the General Principles to stipulating how the Party carries out its leadership.It had experienced five revisions in forty years.Analyzing its historical evolution contributes to a deeper understanding of the fundamental norms of the Party's leadership regulations.In terms of the problem orientation,the strategic consideration of regulating the Party's leadership has evolved from"upholding and improving"to"strengthening and improving"then to"strengthening and perfecting".In terms of content of the regulations,"Five Musts'have been expanded to"Eight Musts".The whole paragraph forms a general logic of cornerstone normsgoal normsprinciple norms.In terms of the cornerstone norms,the original first sentence of the paragraph,"The Party's leadership is mainly political,ideological and organizational",is historically interpreted as the leadership approach.But later,it tends to be interpreted as the leadership content theory and substance theory.The 19th National Congress of the CPC replaced this sentence by provisions such as"The Party exercises overall leadership over all areas of endeavor in every part of the country".Based on the main ways in which the Party plays a leadership role,it made room for innovating the way of exercise leadership.On the new journey,the Party Constitution should spell out the fundamental norms of the Party's leadership regulations in a more extensive and organized manner.

关 键 词：党章 总纲 领导法规 根本规范 领导方式 党内法规 

分 类 号：D251[政治法律—政治学] D90[政治法律—中共党史]