影响棉籽粕KOH蛋白质溶解度的因素分析  

Analysis of factors affecting KOH protein solubility of cottonseed meal

作　　者：孙亚森 韩文杰 王如南 张扬 SUN Ya-sen;HAN Wen-jie;WANG Ru-nan;ZHANG Yang

机构地区：[1]晨光生物科技集团克拉玛依有限公司,新疆克拉玛依831011 [2]河北省棉籽综合加工技术创新中心,河北邯郸056000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第21期114-119,共6页Feed Research

摘　　要：试验旨在研究影响棉籽粕KOH蛋白质溶解度的因素。利用实验室优化方法和生产实际应用测定低温棉籽粕加工过程中影响物料KOH蛋白质溶解度的因素。结果发现,物料KOH蛋白质溶解度的主要损失在脱脂、脱酚、干燥、蒸脱阶段。在实验室优化的脱酚阶段,逆流萃取方法较浸泡法的溶解度更高,提取温度不能超过55℃,长期存放的脱酚液对物料KOH蛋白质溶解度更高。生产过程中在保证棉酚合格的情况下尽量增加新甲醇浓度和循环液浓度,可提高物料KOH蛋白质溶解度。在干燥阶段要适当提升1#-3#盘式烘干机烘干温度,减少有机溶剂对物料蛋白质变性的影响;蒸脱烘干阶段应当尽量降低直接蒸汽压力、蒸脱机四层温度,从而减少湿热蒸汽对物料KOH蛋白质溶解度的影响。随着储藏时间的增加,棉籽和棉胚的KOH蛋白质溶解度降低,但降低幅度不大。研究表明,选择新鲜的原料、采取逆流萃取的方法、严格控制溶剂萃取脱酚工艺参数可以得到较高的棉籽粕KOH蛋白质溶解度。The experiment was to analysis the factors affecting KOH protein solubility of cottonseed meal.The factors affecting the solubility of KOH protein in the processing process of low-temperature cottonseed meal were studied by laboratory experiment and production practice.The results showed that the main loss of KOH protein solubility in the stages of degreasing,dephenolization,drying and evaporation.In the laboratory experiment stage,the countercurrent extraction method had higher solubility than soaking method,and the extraction temperature cannot exceed 55℃.The long-term storage of dephenolization solution had higher solubility to KOH protein of the material.In the process of production,the solubility of KOH protein could be improved by increasing the concentration of new methanol and circulating liquid as far as possible under the condition that gossyrol was qualified.In the drying stage to improve the 1#-3# pan dryer drying temperature,reduce the effect of organic solvents on material protein denaturation.The direct steam pressure and the temperature of the four layers of the evaporator should be reduced as far as possible in the evaporation and drying stage,to reduce the influence of hot and humid steam on the solubility of KOH protein of the material.With the increase of storage time,the solubility of KOH protein of cotton seeds and cotton embryos decreased,but the decrease was not large.The study indicates that higher KOH protein solubility of cottonseed meal could be obtained by selecting fresh raw materials,adopting countercurrent extraction and strictly controlling the technological parameters of solvent extraction.

关 键 词：棉籽粕 蛋白质 溶解度 甲醇 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]