重磁勘探地质异常体边界识别方法研究及对比  

Research and comparison of geological anomaly boundary identification methods in gravity and magnetic exploration

作　　者：唐新功[1] 侯帅 李丹丹 TANG Xingong;HOU Shuai;LI Dandan(Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Education(Yangtze University),Wuhan 430100,Hubei;Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学),湖北武汉430100 [2]武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期65-76,共12页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于垂直电偶极子源的剩余油探测与动态监测基础与应用方法研究”(42274087);“基于各向异性和极化介质的多参数三维可控源电磁法三维正反演研究”(41874119);“润湿性影响含油储层岩石激发极化异常的机理及评价模型研究”(42174083)。

摘　　要：地质异常体边界识别是重磁资料处理中的重要步骤。通过设置3种不同的理论重磁模型(地下单一地质异常体模型,地下两个规模相同但埋深不同的地质异常体模型,添加随机噪音的单一地质异常体模型),使用自行编制的重磁处理软件对垂向一阶导数法、解析信号法、总水平方向导数法、倾斜角法、Theta图法、归一化标准差法、解析信号倾斜角法、广义导数算子法、增强型倾斜角法、平面全张量倾斜角法以及改进二阶倾斜角法等11种地质异常体边界识别方法的优缺点进行了详细的研究和对比。通过一系列正演计算,结合上述不同方法对噪音的敏感程度,研究得出了不同方法各自具有的优缺点以及在不同的实际情况下应选择哪种或哪些方法。总体上看,总水平方向导数法、增强型倾斜角法和归一化标准差法3种方法,对地质异常体边界识别效果最好。Edge identification of geological anomalies is an important step in gravity and magnetic data processing.By setting up three different theoretical gravity and magnetic models(a single underground anomalous body model,two underground anomalous bodies of the same size but different buried depths,and a single anomalous body model with random noise added),the advantages and disadvantages of 11 kinds of geological anomaly boundary identification methods,such as vertical first derivative method,analytic signal method,total horizontal derivative method,tilt angle method,Theta graph method,normalized standard deviation method,analytical signal slope angle method,generalized derivative operator method,enhanced slope angle method,plane total tensor tilt angle method and improved second order slope angle method,were studied and compared in detail by using self-programmed gravity and magnetic processing software.Through a series of forward calculation,combined with the sensitivity of the above different methods to noise,the study has come up with the advantages and disadvantages of each of the different methods,as well as which method or methods should be chosen in different practical situations.In general,the total horizontal derivative method,the enhanced tilt angle method and the normalized standard deviation method have the best effect on the geological anomaly boundary identification.

关 键 词：地质异常体 边界识别 重力异常 磁异常 水平导数 解析信号 重磁勘探 

分 类 号：TE132.14[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] P631.325[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]