造山作用孕育“青海金腰带”  

Geological Characteristics and Related Mineralization of“Qinghai Gold Belt”Formed by Orogeny

作　　者：何书跃 林贵 钟世华 白国龙 张勇 舒树兰 王丽君 赵芙蓉 HE Shuyue;LIN Gui;ZHONG Shihua;BAI Guolong;ZHANG Yong;SHU Shulan;WANG Lijun;ZHAO Furong(The Third Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province,Xining 810029,Qinghai,China;Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China;College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China;Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development of Qinghai Province,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省第三地质勘查院,青海西宁810029 [2]中国海洋大学,海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100 [4]青海省地质矿产勘查开发局,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《西北地质》2023年第6期1-16,共16页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(92062217);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”项目(青地矿科[2022]32号);“青海省乌兰县阿哈大洼地区1∶2.5万地质矿产调查”(2022012015jc009)联合资助。

摘　　要：青海省境内环绕柴达木盆地周边的金矿床十分发育,是中国金矿的重要产地,素有“金腰带”之称。通过对“青海金腰带”的区域地质、地球物理和地球化学特征分析,认为青海“金腰带”的形成主要受两期造山作用控制。加里东期—华力西期,柴达木陆块向北与欧龙布鲁克陆块碰撞,导致原特提斯洋发生闭合,形成柴北缘滩间山金矿田和赛坝沟金矿床;印支期,巴颜喀拉陆块向北与东昆仑陆块碰撞,导致古特提斯洋发生闭合,形成五龙沟、大场、沟里金矿田和满丈岗金矿床。综合前人研究成果,笔者提出该地区金矿床的形成与壳幔相互作用密切相关,幔源物质对金矿床的成矿流体及成矿物质均具有重要贡献,主要金矿床的时空分布也与基性-超基性岩相关。因此,基性-超基性岩发育的位置是在该地区寻找造山型金矿的有利地段。The area surrounding the Qaidam basin,Qinghai Province,is characterized by occurrences of a large number of gold deposits,which is an importance source of gold deposits in China.This area is thus called the“Qinghai Gold Belt”.Based on regional geology,geophysical and geochemical features,this study reveals that the“Qinghai Gold Belt”was formed by two stages of orogenies.During the Caledonian-Hercynian,the collision between the Qaidam and Oulongbuluke blocks resulted in the closure of Proto-Tethys ocean,forming the Tanjianshan gold district and Saibagou gold deposit;during the Indosinian,the collision between the East Kunlun and Bayakara Block resulted in the closure of Proto-Tethys ocean,forming the Wulonggou,Dachang and Gouli gold districts and the Manzhanggang gold deposit.Combined with previously published data,it is de-duced that the formation of gold deposits in this area is closely related to crustal-mantle interaction,with mantle materials contributing a lot for the ore-forming fluids and materials.This is further demonstrated by the spatial and temporal correlation between gold deposits and mafic-ultramafic rocks.Therefore,the locations where mafic-ultramafic rocks occur are potential for the orogenic gold exploration.

关 键 词：造山作用 壳幔作用 造山型金矿 金腰带 青海省 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学] P611[天文地球—地质学]