三角枫-菊花复合经营对菊花生长及生理特性的影响  

Effect of Acer buergerianum-Chrysanthemum compound on growth and physiological characteristics of Chrysanthemum

作　　者：马晓翔 张荣 陈媛媛 谷倩倩 袁飞杨 叶新忠 傅松玲[1] MA Xiaoxiang;ZHANG Rong;CHEN Yuanyuan;GU Qianqian;YUAN Feiyang;YE Xinzhong;FU Songling(School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Chaohu Forestry Technology Promotion Center,Chaohu 238000,China;Chaohu Forestry and Landscape Construction Service Center,Chaohu 238000,China;Anhui Mantianhong Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd,Chaohu 238000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036 [2]巢湖市林业技术推广中心,巢湖238000 [3]巢湖市林业和园林建设服务中心,巢湖238000 [4]安徽漫天红生态农业有限公司,巢湖238000

出　　处：《武汉轻工大学学报》2023年第5期54-62,共9页Journal of Wuhan Polytechnic University

基　　金：2022年中央财政林业推广示范项目(皖[2022]TG11号)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同农林间作经营模式对食用菊花生长发育的影响,于低、中、高3种郁闭度三角枫林下,复合经营3种不同株行距的食用菊花“燕山金黄”(Chrysanthemum×morifolium“Yanshan Jinhuang”),以单作食用菊花为对照,观测了菊花的生长发育状况,研究了不同三角枫-菊花复合模式对菊花形态结构、生理生化特性的影响,对各经营模式进行了初步比较评价。研究结果表明,不同郁闭度与株行距下菊花的形态指标呈现显著差异,三角枫-菊复合经营促进了菊花的株高生长,降低了菊花茎粗及平均冠幅,提高了菊花叶片的净光合速率,改善了叶绿素总量,降低了蒸腾速率。其中P2复合模式(低郁闭度、株行距40 cm×40 cm)下菊花的叶片净光合速率与叶绿素总量最大,与CK(单作组)差异显著。在非结构性碳水化合物方面,复合经营改善了菊花叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉(苗期除外)含量,P3复合模式(低郁闭度、株行距为50 cm×50 cm)下的可溶性糖最高,P1复合模式(低郁闭度、株行距为30 cm×30 cm)下的可溶性淀粉含量最高,低中郁闭度组合优于高郁闭度及单一种植组。试验可用于菊花在皖中地区的应用和推广。In order to explore the effects of different agroforestry intercropping modes on the growth and development of edible Chrysanthemum,three kinds of edible Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum×morifolium"Yanshan Jinhuang")with different row spacing were compounded in the low,medium and high canopy density of Acer buergerianum forests,and the sole cropping Chrysanthemum×morifolium were used as a control,observed the growth and development status of Chrysanthemum,studied the effects of different Acer buergerianum-Chrysanthemum compound on the morphological structure,physiological and biochemical characteristics of Chrysanthemum,each compound patterns were preliminarily compared and evaluated.The results showed that the morphological indexes of Chrysanthemum under different closure degrees and plant row spacing were significantly different,and the Acer buergerianum-Chrysanthemum compound management promoted the growth of Chrysanthemum plant height,increased the net photosynthetic rate of Chrysanthemum leaves,improved the total chlorophyll,and reduced the transpiration rate.Among them,the net photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll of Chrysanthemum leaves were the largest under P2 composite mode(low canopy density,plant row spacing 40 cm×40 cm),which was significantly different from CK(Chrysanthemum×morifolium sole cropping with row spacing of 30 cm×30 cm,40 cm×40 cm and 50 cm×50 cm).In terms of non-structural carbohydrates,the contents of soluble sugar and soluble starch(except seedling stage)in Chrysanthemum leaves were improved by compound management,the highest soluble sugar content under P3 composite mode(low canopy density,plant row spacing 50 cm×50 cm),the highest soluble starch content under P1 composite mode(low canopy density,plant row spacing 30 cm×30 cm),and the combination of low and medium canopy density was better than that high canopy density combination and sole cropping group.The experiment can be used for the application and promotion of Chrysanthemum in central Anhui.

关 键 词：菊花 三角枫 复合经营 光合生理 生长 

分 类 号：S781.29[农业科学—木材科学与技术]