国际秩序变动与霍尔木兹海峡能源运输安全  

Security Issues of Maritime Energy Transportation in the Strait of Hormuz in a Changing International Order

作　　者：章远 於宾强 ZHANG Yuan;YU Binqiang(Shanghai International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学中东研究所,上海200083 [2]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院、上海外国语大学中东研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《阿拉伯世界研究》2023年第4期23-46,158,共25页Arab World Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“百年变局下的中东文明发展趋势研究”(22JJD810032);上海外国语大学校级重大科研项目“中东格局巨变与中国‘一带一路’倡议在中东实践的风险与应对”(202114006);上海外国语大学青年教师科研创新团队项目“百年未有大变局之下的中东政治变迁研究”(2020114046);上海外国语大学导师学术引领计划“中东地区非传统安全问题研究”(2022113050)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国际秩序正处于变动过程中,原有国际能源格局遭受冲击,海上能源运输安全的重要性迅速凸显。俄乌冲突后,霍尔木兹海峡沿岸国家成为全球各国寻找能源来源多元化的重要对象国,中东地区能源国家在全球战略性地位愈加提升。长期以来,海上能源运输安全秩序的变化经历了参与主导者位序、运输能力和风险抵御能力、运输沿线国家间亲疏关系、外部权力竞争局势、争端解决机制效能等方面的变化,同时海上非法行为未曾彻底消除,导致维护海上能源运输安全存在难度,这其中以霍尔木兹海峡能源运输面临的安全问题最为典型。尽管国际秩序正在发生深刻的改变,但从中东石油和天然气运输的发展来看,能源安全秩序的现实主义式变化逻辑并未遭遇根本挑战。At present,the international order has suffered a huge impact,the international energy landscape has drastically changed,the importance of maritime energy transportation security is rapidly coming to the fore.The countries along the Strait of Hormuz are important target countries for Europe and other countries to seek diversified energy sources after the Russia-Ukraine conflict,and the Middle East's energy position in the world is increasing.Maritime energy transportation security is an important part of energy economic security and energy geopolitical order.The evolution of the maritime energy transportation security order has undergone changes in the rank of participants,transportation capacity and risk resilience,affinity relations among countries along the transportation route,the situation of competing external power,dispute resolution mechanisms.Meanwhile,threats such as illegal actors at sea and terrorism have never been completely eliminated,making it more difficult to maintain maritime energy transportation security.Despite the profound changes in the international landscape and the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on maritime energy security,the development of oil and gas transportation has not fundamentally challenged the logic of realistic derivation of the security order.

关 键 词：国际秩序变动 俄乌冲突 霍尔木兹海峡 海上能源运输安全 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]