不同发酵处理甘蔗渣在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究  

Study on Degradation Characteristics of Sugarcane Bagasse with Different Fermentation Treatments in the Rumen of Beef Cattle

作　　者：罗浩岑 杨凤 王浪州 黄艳茹 胡思怡 邓开美 赵宁波 黄文明[3] 赖安强 LUO Hao-cen;YANG Feng;WANG Lang-zhou;HUANG Yan-ru;HU Si-yi;DENG Kai-mei;ZHAO Ning-bo;HUANG Wen-ming;LAI An-qiang(College of Animal Science,Xichang University,Xichang,Sichuan 615000;Rural Industrial Technology Service Center of Ningnan County,Liangshan Prefecture,Liangshan,Sichuan 615400;College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 402460)

机构地区：[1]西昌学院动物科学学院,四川西昌615000 [2]凉山州宁南县农村产业技术服务中心,四川凉山615400 [3]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆402460

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2023年第4期36-41,共6页China Cattle Science

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(重点研发项目)(2021YFN0086);国创基金(202210628003)。

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在研究不同发酵处理甘蔗渣在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性。[方法]试验选择3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔杂交公牛为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法测定未发酵甘蔗渣、发酵甘蔗渣1(添加0.3%乳酸杆菌(含量≥10×10^(8)CFU/g)青贮发酵甘蔗渣)和发酵甘蔗2(添加0.3%菌种组合(菌种组合以酿酒酵母菌(含量≥4×10^(8)CFU/g)、黑曲霉菌(含量≥2×10^(8)CFU/g)、米曲霉菌(含量≥2×10^(8)CFU/g)、乳酸杆菌(含量≥2×10^(8)CFU/g)按2:1:1:1配制)和0.1%纤维素酶(酶活≥2万IU/g)进行菌酶协同发酵甘蔗渣)的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)在瘤胃内的降解率。[结果]结果表明:1)干物质基础上,未发酵甘蔗渣和两种发酵甘蔗渣在DM和粗脂肪(EE)水平上差异不显著(P>0.05),而发酵甘蔗渣2的粗纤维(CF)、NDF、ADF和酸性木质素(ADL)水平显著低于未发酵甘蔗渣和发酵甘蔗渣1(P<0.05),三个处理中未发酵甘蔗渣的CF、NDF、ADF和ADL水平最高。2)发酵甘蔗渣2中DM、CP、NDF和ADF的快速降解部分、慢速降解部分、潜在降解部分和有效降解率均显著高于未发酵甘蔗渣和发酵甘蔗渣1(P<0.05)。3)发酵甘蔗渣2的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为25.00%、22.25%、25.66%和24.52%,发酵甘蔗渣1的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为18.76%、14.63%、17.02%和16.20%,未发酵甘蔗渣的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为18.13%、12.90%、16.56%和15.69%。[结论综上:菌酶协同发酵可以显著提高甘蔗渣CP,能显著降低甘蔗渣CF、NDF、ADF和ADL水平;菌酶协同发酵甘蔗渣营养物质在肉牛瘤胃中降解率更高,饲用价值更高。[Objective]The purpose of the trial was to study the degradation characteristics of sugarcane bagasse with different fermentation treatments in the rumen of beef cattle.[Method]Three Simmental crossbred bulls with permanent rumen fistula were selected as experimental animals.The nylon bag method was used to determine the degradation rate of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),neutral washing fiber(NDF)and acidic washing fiber(ADF)of unfermented sugarcane bagasse,fermented sugarcane bagasse 1(adding 0.3%Lactobacillus(≥10×10^(8)CFU/g)silage fermented sugarcane bagasse)and fermented sugarcane bagasse 2(adding 0.3%strain combination(combined with S.cerevisiae(≥4×10^(8)CFU/g,Aspergillus niger(≥2×10^(8)CFU/g),Aspergillus oryzae(≥2×10^(8)CFU/g),Lactobacillus(≥2×10^(8)CFU/g)as 2∶1∶1∶1)and 0.1%cellulase(enzymatic activity≥2×10 IU/g)fermented sugarcane bagasse).[Result]The results were as follows:1)Based on dry matter(DM),there was no significant difference in DM and crude fat(EE)levels between unfermented bagasse and two types of fermented bagasse(P>0.05),while the levels of CF,NDF,ADF and acidic lignin(ADL)in fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 were significantly lower than those of the unfermented bagasse and fermented bagasse 1(P<0.05).Among the three treatments,unfermented bagasse had the highest levels of CF,NDF,ADF,and ADL.2)The rapid degradation,slow degradation,potential degradation and effective degradation rate of DM,CP,NDF and ADF in fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 were significantly higher than those of the unfermented sugarcane bagasse and fermented sugarcane bagasse 1(P<0.05).3)The effective degradation rates of the DM,CP,NDF and ADF of the fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 were 25.00%,22.25%,25.66%and 24.52%,respectively,while the DM,CP,NDF and ADF of the fermented sugarcane bagasse 1 were 18.76%,14.63%,17.02%,respectively,and the DM,CP,NDF and ADF of the unfermented sugarcane bagasse were 18.13%,12.90%,16.56%and 15.69%,respectively.[Conclusion]In summary,the synergistic fermentation of bacteria an

关 键 词：发酵甘蔗渣 瘤胃降解特性 肉牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]