古代儒医群体的历史变化及其社会背景分析  

Historical Changes and Social Backgrounds of Ancient Confucian Physicians

作　　者：孙明[1] 丁兆君[1] SUN Ming;DING Zhao-jun(Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥230026

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2023年第9期97-103,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：儒医是具有儒学素养、通医术且从事疾病诊疗的医者,他们是推动中国古代医学发展的重要人物。通过考察不同历史时期儒医群体的面貌,并对影响这一群体变化的社会背景的分析,认为中国古代儒医群体的历史变化可分为师徒授受时期(两汉)、门阀世袭时期(魏晋南北朝至隋朝)、儒医分流时期(唐代至五代十国)、儒医繁荣时期(宋代至清代)四个阶段。而影响儒医群体变化的因素,主要包括国家的政策制度、儒学的社会地位、医学知识的传承方式和普及程度、时人的医学观念等。Confucian physicians,who were both proficient in Confucianism and medicine,played an important role in the development of ancient Chinese medicine.Their appearances and social backgrounds in different history periods are worthy of further study.It is found that the historical changes of Confucian physicians can be divided into four periods:master and apprentice period,gentry physician period,separation of Confucian and physician,and the flourishing period of Confucian physicians.The main factors influencing their appearances include:national policies,social influence of Confucianism,inheritance and popularization of medical knowledge,and people's medical concepts.

关 键 词：儒医 历史变化 社会背景 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]