一种评定固体推进剂燃烧效率的方法——爆热效率  

A Method for Evaluation on Combustion Efficiency of Solid Propellants—Explosion Heat Efficiency

作　　者：王英红[1] 顾涛 梁超[1] 刘佳浩 石玉婷 李伟[2] WANG Ying-hong;GU Tao;LIANG Chao;LIU Jia-hao;SHI Yu-ting;LI Wei(Science and Technology on Combustion,Internal Flow and Thermal-Structure Laboratory,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory,Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学燃烧、热结构与内流场重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所航天化学动力技术重点实验室,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《推进技术》2023年第11期238-244,共7页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC21875061;NSFC21975066);航天化学动力技术重点实验室基金(STACPL320201B03);燃烧、热结构与内流场重点实验室基金(6142701220101)。

摘　　要：针对当前理论爆热仅有概念没有计算实例的现象,通过测试不同样品量的推进剂定容爆热并对最佳质量的燃气进行气相色谱实验,分析了最小自由能法计算推进剂燃烧产物的应用界限。研究认为,最小自由能法只能用于计算发动机燃烧室高温下的绝热定压燃烧产物,不适用于计算常温下的爆热产物。提出并明确了推进剂理论定压和定容爆热的计算方法;建立并验证了降温到298K燃烧产物的确定方法。针对当前推进剂燃烧效率大多为定性评判的现象,将爆热效率定义为实际定容爆热与理论定容爆热之比,用来定量表征推进剂的燃烧效率,可以实现用少量推进剂对其燃烧效率进行综合评判,尤其适用于推进剂配方研制阶段。In view of the current lack of calculation samples of theoretical explosion heat,while its concept has long been presented,the constant volume explosion heat of different sample quantities of propellants was test-ed and the products of maximum explosion heat sample were determined by gas chromatography.Theoretical cal-culations show that minimum Gibbs free energy method works for calculating the adiabatic constant pressure com-bustion products at high temperatures in the solid rocket motor chamber,but not suitable for solving the products at ambient temperature(298K),meaning the applications of minimum Gibbs free energy method have the limita-tion.Accordingly,a new method for calculating constant pressure explosion heat or constant volume explosion heat is proposed based on a proven novel method,which is established for purposes of determining the combus-tion products that cooled down to 298K.Considering that the classical combustion efficiency is evaluated by quali-tative comparison,a parameter,named as explosion heat efficiency,is defined by the ratio of the actual constant volume explosion heat to the theoretical constant volume explosion heat,implying that the combustion efficiency of solid propellants can be quantitatively characterized.A small amount of propellants can bring a comprehensive assessment of combustion performance,providing for great convience to the stage of propellant formulation devel-opment.

关 键 词：固体推进剂 燃烧效率 爆热 能量性能 爆热效率 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]