102份玉米地方种质的茎基腐病抗性评价  

Resistance Identification for Stalk Rot of 102 Maize Local Germplasm Resources

作　　者：张培风 孙佩[1] 徐鹏亮 范永胜[1] 郭振营[1] 周联东[1] ZHANG Peifeng;SUN Pei;XU Pengliang;FAN Yongsheng;GUO Zhenying;ZHOU Liandong(Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang He'nan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《种子》2023年第9期62-67,共6页Seed

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102110174);河南省重大科技专项(201300111100);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010201)。

摘　　要：采用田间人工接种,对102份河南玉米地方种质进行了镰孢菌茎基腐病的田间表型抗性鉴定,试验结果表明,表现1级高抗的种质材料有16份,3级抗病的种质材料有17份,5级中抗的种质材料有30份,感病和高度感病的种质材料有39份。其中抗性以上的材料占全部材料的62%,且以中抗抗性为主。对病原菌进行分离鉴定,结果表明,禾谷镰孢菌致病力最强,拟轮枝镰孢菌对玉米植株生长影响次之,芒孢腐霉致病率最弱。地方种质抗性鉴定试验最终筛选出的33份抗病性强的地方种质,丰富和拓宽了镰孢菌茎基腐病的抗性基因遗传基础,可作为开展选育抗性新种质和抗病育种的重要基础材料,对镰孢菌茎基腐病选育和抗病育种产生利用价值,为玉米生产上有效地进行抗性基因轮换提供参考。102 local maize germplasm from He'nan Province were artificially inoculated in the field to identify the phenotypic resistance to stalk rot disease.The experimental results showed that 16 germplasm materials exhibited first-grade resistance to stalk rot,17 germplasm materials exhibited third-grade resistance to stalk rot,30 germplasm materials exhibited fifth-grade moderate resistance to stalk rot,and 39 germplasm materials exhibited susceptibility and high susceptibility to stalk rot.Among them,materials with resistance or higher account for 62%of the total materials,with medium resistance being the main resistance.The isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria showed that Fusarium graminearum had the strongest pathogenicity,followed by Fusarium rotiferum,which had the weaker pathogenicity on maize plant growth,and Fusarium mangium weakest.The 33 local germplasm with strong disease resistance identified in the resistance identification experiment of local germplasm had enriched and expanded the genetic basis of resistance genes to stalk rot disease.They can be used as important basic materials for breeding new germplasm with resistance and disease resistance,and had practical value for stalk rot disease selection and disease resistance breeding,providing reference for effective rotation of resistance genes in maize production.

关 键 词：玉米 种质资源 茎基腐病 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]