相邻关系中采光权的规范性质与法律保护——兼与肖泽晟教授商榷  

The Normative Nature and Legal Protection of Lighting Rights in Neighboring Relations:Discussion with Professor Xiao Zesheng

作　　者：王明喆 Wang Mingzhe

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院 [3]日本东北大学

出　　处：《南大法学》2023年第6期44-58,共15页NanJing University Law Journal

摘　　要：规范意义上的采光权,包括公法上的采光权和私法上的采光权两个方面。公法上的采光权是一项主观公权利,它是相邻人请求行政机关对其采光需求进行合理保护的请求权。私法上的采光权是相邻人要求建设者不要妨碍其采光需求的民事权益,它的存在不依赖公法,也不能被公法吸收。在法律救济方面,相邻人可以针对规划许可提起行政诉讼,以保护公法上的采光权。行政诉讼可以从根本上保护相邻人的采光权,但也具有起诉期限限制、审查标准宽松、可能适用情况判决等劣势。在行政诉讼之外,相邻人还可以针对建设者提起排除妨碍、赔偿损失的民事诉讼。在民事诉讼中,规划许可不能排除民事侵权的可能,国家标准也不能作为判定民事侵权是否成立的唯一依据。Lighting rights in the normative sense include lighting rights in public law and lighting rights in private law.Lighting right in public law is a subjective public right.It is the right of neighbors to request the administrative organ to reasonably protect their lighting needs.The lighting right in private law is a civil interest that neighbors request builders not to interfere with their lighting needs.Its existence does not depend on public law,nor can it be absorbed by public law.In the aspect of legal remedy,the neighbors can bring an administrative lawsuit against the planning permission to protect the lighting right in public law.Administrative litigation can fundamentally protect the lighting rights of neighbors,but it also has some disadvantages,such as the limitation of prosecution time limit,loose review standards,circumstance judgment,etc.In addition to the administrative litigation,the neighbors may also file a civil lawsuit against the builder to eliminate the obstruction and compensate for the losses.In civil litigation,planning permission cannot exclude the possibility of civil tort,and national standards cannot be the only basis for judging whether civil tort is established.

关 键 词：规划许可 采光权 主观公权利 民事侵权 

分 类 号：D922.297[政治法律—经济法学]