考虑运营效能的公交时刻表多目标优化模型  

Multi-objective optimization model for bus timetable considering operational efficiency

作　　者：裴玉龙[1] 胡兴洲 PEI Yulong;HU Xingzhou(Transportation Research Center,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学交通研究中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《交通科技与经济》2023年第6期1-10,共10页Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51638004)。

摘　　要：为提高公交线路运营效能,满足乘客出行与公交运营的冲突性需求,以乘客出行时间、公交运营成本、公交运营效能为优化目标,考虑乘客滞留情况,构建以发车间隔为决策变量的公交时刻表多目标优化模型,并设计该模型带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)。以哈尔滨市106路公交线路为研究对象进行实证研究,实证结果以Pareto解集中的方案4为例,乘客出行时间减少27%,公交运营成本降低5%,运营效能指数F 3优化率为34%,采用优化后的发车时刻表能够有效改善目标值,减少乘客滞留情况。通过权重系数分析,验证时刻表优化模型及求解算法的有效性和稳定性。模型可为编制不同需求情况下的公交时刻表提供参考。To enhance the operational efficiency of bus routes and meet the conflicting needs of passengers and bus operations,the multi-objective optimization model of timetable with departure interval as decision variable is constructed based on the optimization objectives of passenger travel time,bus operation cost and bus operation efficiency,also the passenger detention is considered,then the model of nondominated ranking genetic algorithm with elite strategy(NSGA-Ⅱ)is designed.The bus route No.106 of Harbin are utilized as a research object.The empirical results,focusing on Pareto solution 4,demonstrated significant improvements.Passenger travel time was reduced by 27%,operational costs were lowered by 5%,and the operational efficiency index F 3 showed a 34%improvement.The optimized departure schedule can effectively improve the target value and reduce passenger detention.Validate the effectiveness and stability of the timetable optimization model and solution algorithm by mean of weight coefficient analysis.The model provides a reference for generating bus timetables under different demand scenarios.

关 键 词：时刻表优化 运营效能 发车间隔 NSGA-Ⅱ 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]