潍坊市医疗机构性病防治从业者职业暴露调查分析与预防  

Analysis of occupational exposure among sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment of control practitioners in medical facilities in Weifang city and prevention measures

作　　者：王辉[1] 王方方 徐作佼 周瑞华[1] WANG Hui;WANG Fangfang;XU Zuojiao;ZHOU Ruihua(Department of Dermatology,Weifang People's Hospital,Weifang 261041,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市人民医院皮肤病科,山东潍坊261041

出　　处：《潍坊医学院学报》2023年第5期388-391,共4页Acta Academiae Medicinae Weifang

基　　金：潍坊市卫生计生委科研项目计划课题(项目编号:WFWSJK-2022-013)。

摘　　要：目的分析潍坊市医疗机构性病防治从业者职业暴露的危险因素和预防措施。方法对潍坊地区143名性病防治从业者,2021年1月~2022年12月期间发生的职业暴露,按照职业分布、类型分布、病种分布、暴露部位、发生职业暴露的操作环节等情况进行回顾性问卷调查,制定《潍坊市性病防治从业者职业暴露调查表》。结果发生职业暴露的38名医务人员中,护士的职业暴露最高,有19人次(42.22%);职业暴露类型分布中被注射器针头扎伤的人数最高,有17人次(37.78%),其次为被梅毒血液喷溅者,有12人次(26.67%);职业暴露病种主要为梅毒,有17人(44.73%),其次为乙型肝炎病毒,有8人(21.05%),梅毒合并乙型肝炎5人(13.16%);暴露部位手部发生率最高,有21人(55.26%);引起职业暴露最常见的原因是诊疗操作过程,暴露人数17人(44.74%)。结论通过分析锐器伤发生原因及暴露环节提出对策,加强医务人员职业安全教育,规范操作规程,严格执行标准预防措施,切实做好辐射的防护等措施,才能有效地将职业暴露降到最低。Objective To explore the risk factors of occupational exposure among sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment of control practitioners in medial facilities and prevention measures in Weifang city.Methods One hundred and forty-three medical workers who were engaged in preventing and treating sexually transmitted disease were enrolled in the retrospective survey from January 2010 to February 2013,according to the occupational distribution,exposure distribution,exposure disease distribution,exposure position and operative steps when exposure,by making a chart of the occupational exposure survey chart among sexually transmitted disease prevention and treatment practitioners in Weifang city.Results Among 38 medical workers who were caught in the occupational exposure,nurse hold 19 person-time,which was the highest(42.22%);to the occupational exposure types,pricking wounds was the most common,holding 17 person-time(37.78%),followed by syphilis blood splash,holding 12 person-time(26.67%);the most common exposure disease was syphilis,holding 17 cases(44.73%),the second was Hepatitis B Virus(HBV),holding 8 cases(21.05%),and the number of syphilis combined with HBV was 5 cases(13.16%);The most common exposed site was hand,holding 21 cases(55.26%);the most common reason for occupational exposure was the process of diagnosis and treatment,holding 17 cases(44.74%).P value was less than 0.05,so the difference had statistical significance.Conclusions By analyzing the reasons and occupational exposure steps of the sharp instrument injury,some countermeasures need to be put forward,and the occupation safety education for medical workers need to be strengthened,the operating procedures need to be standardized,standard precautions and prevention measure of the radiation damage need to be executed seriously,so that the incidence of occupational exposure could be cut down to a lowest degree.

关 键 词：性病防治从业者 职业暴露 分析 预防措施 

分 类 号：R759[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]