对马克思思想研究中几种流行的解释思路的反思  

Reflections on Several Popular Explanatory Ideas in the Study of Marxist Thought

作　　者：聂锦芳[1] Nie Jingfang

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2023年第3期143-155,共13页Chinese Culture Research

摘　　要：长期以来的中国马克思主义专业研究在取得巨大成就的同时,也存在不少值得反思之处。受过去教条式的理解和特定的外在框架的支配,特别是由于缺乏权威而完整的文献支撑和文本内容的细致解读,导致在马克思具体思想的把握和阐发中一些流行的解释偏离了具体语境、展宽视域、复杂内涵和论证逻辑。在当代新的境遇下,需要紧密依据文本、思想史和现实情势对此做出新的甄别和辨析。基于上述考量,本文拟探究四个问题:“两个转变说”是否契合对马克思哲学变革的解释?究竟该怎样理解马克思的“宗教鸦片说”?如何评估德国“观念论”对马克思思想建构的意义?“普遍的个人的解放”还是“全人类的解放”?窥斑见豹,希望借此还原马克思思想的原貌,并在此基础上促进其当代发展。While significant achievements have been made in the professional research of Marxism in China for a long time,there are also many areas worth reflecting on.Under the influence of past dogmatic understanding and specific external frameworks,especially due to the lack of authoritative and complete literature support and detailed interpretation of text content,some popular explanatory ideas in the grasp and elucidation of Marxist thought deviate from specific contexts,broaden horizons,complex connotations,and argumentative logic.In the new contemporary situation,it is necessary to make a new identification and analysis based closely on the text,ideological history,and practical situation.On the basis of above considerations,this article intends to explore four questions:Does the“Two Transformations Theory”fit the interpretation of Marx’s philosophical transformation?How should we understand Marx’s“religious opium theory”?How to evaluate the significance of German“ideology”in the construction of Marxist thought?Is it“universal individual liberation”or“liberation of all humanity”?With the paper,I hope to restore the original appearance of Marxist thought and promote its contemporary development on this basis.

关 键 词：马克思 文本 解读 论证 反思 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]