数字普惠金融对城乡贫富差距的影响研究——基于数字鸿沟的调节效应分析  

A Study on the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Urban-rural Wealth Gap:Analysis of the Moderating Effect Based on the Digital Divide

作　　者：陈银娥[1] 邹一源 李鑫 Chen Yine;Zou Yiyuan;Li Xin

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院 [2]湖南财政经济学院金融学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2023年第10期4-22,40,共20页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“普惠金融发展促进巩固拓展脱贫攻坚同乡村振兴有效衔接的机制与路径研究”(项目编号:21AJL007);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“数字普惠金融发展促进农业碳减排的机制与路径研究”(项目编号:22C0687)的资助。

摘　　要：数字普惠金融的普惠作用能够有效弥合城乡贫富差距,但数字鸿沟的存在会产生阻碍作用。本文基于2011—2020年间中国31个省份的统计数据,使用固定效应和调节效应模型对数字普惠金融缩小城乡贫富差距和数字鸿沟的影响情况进行分析。结果显示:中国各省份数字鸿沟水平总体上呈现收敛趋势,西部地区数字鸿沟现象最严重,收敛趋势也最明显;数字普惠金融发展具有“普惠性”,能够显著缩小任意数字鸿沟水平下的城乡贫富差距;普惠金融数字化及信贷业务维度的发展也能抑制数字鸿沟的进一步扩大;数字鸿沟的存在对数字普惠金融缩小城乡贫富差距能形成明显阻碍。进一步研究显示,数字普惠金融的使用深度比覆盖广度更能够促进城乡贫富差距的缩小,但各项金融业务单独促进贫富收敛效应微弱。基于上述结论,本文建议:不断提升数字发展水平,收敛数字鸿沟;深化数字技术在金融业中的应用,持续推进数字普惠金融发展;多举措推动数字普惠金融与乡村经济良性互动发展,不断缩小贫富差距。The inclusive role of digital inclu⁃sive finance can effectively bridge the wealth gap between the urban and rural,but the existence of the digital divide will have a hindering effect.This article analyzes the impact of digital inclusive finance in narrowing the urban-rural wealth gap and digital divide based on the statistical data of 31 provinces in China during the period of 2011—2020,using fixed-effects and moderating-effects models.The results show that the level of digital di⁃vide in all provinces in China shows a convergence trend in general,and the western region has the most serious digital divide phenomenon and the most obvious convergence trend;the development of digital inclusive finance has‘inclusiveness’,and it can significantly reduce the urban-rural wealth gap at any level of the digital divide;the development of the digitalization of inclusive financeand the credit business dimension can also inhibitthe further widening of the digital divide;and theexistence of the digital divide can be a significantimpediment to the reduction of the urban - ruralwealth gap by digital inclusive finance. Further re⁃search shows that the depth of use of digital inclu⁃sive finance can contribute more to the reduction ofthe urban-rural wealth gap than the breadth of cov⁃erage, but the effect of each financial service alonein promoting the convergence of the rich and thepoor is weak. Based on the above conclusions, thisarticle suggests: continuously improving the level ofdigital development to converge the digital divide;deepening the application of digital technology inthe financial industry to continuously promote thedevelopment of digital inclusive finance;and takingmultiple initiatives to promote the development ofpositive interaction between digital inclusive financeand the rural economy, so as to continuously narrowthe wealth gap.

关 键 词：数字普惠金融 数字鸿沟 城乡贫富差距 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济] F49F832