随钻远探测电磁波测井技术问题分析与探讨  

Analysis and Discussion of Some Key Technical Problems for LWD Ultra-Deep Electromagnetic Resistivity Logging

作　　者：金鼎 朱军 周强 JIN Ding;ZHU Jun;ZHOU John(R&D Department,China National Petroleum Corporation,Beijing 100007,China;Logging Technology Institute,China National Logging Corporation,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710077,China;Well Logging Technology Pilot Test Center,China National Petroleum Corporation,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710077,China;Maxwell Dynamics Inc.,Houston,Texas 77074,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技管理部,北京100007 [2]中国石油集团测井有限公司测井技术研究院,陕西西安710077 [3]中国石油天然气集团有限公司测井技术试验基地,陕西西安710077 [4]美国麦氏技术公司,美国德克萨斯休斯敦77074

出　　处：《测井技术》2023年第4期406-414,共9页Well Logging Technology

摘　　要：随钻远探测电磁波测井技术与仪器是当前随钻测井技术的研究热点,探边距离、前探距离和界面分辨率是该仪器的重要技术指标,要研发出达到这些指标的仪器及相关处理软件,需要解决多项关键技术问题。基于天线排列方式、测量功能和测量信号,探讨了随钻远探测电磁波测井仪器的探边距离、前探距离和界面分辨率等术语及其指标,并通过数值模拟分析了其影响因素。数值模拟结果表明,探边距离、前探距离和界面分辨率依赖于天线的排列方式、地质信号类型、天线距离、工作频率、地层电阻率及其对比度,并与仪器检测微弱信号的能力密切相关。分析了随钻远探测电磁波测井仪器研发的关键技术:纳伏级微弱信号精确检测处理、抗压抗振防腐蚀耐冲刷的倾斜/正交天线系统制作、多尺度数据快速反演等。阐述了其影响因素,提出了解决措施:在电路上抑制干扰、增强信号强度和稳定性及高精度处理;在天线设计制作上优选高强度材料、提高加工精度、设计使用专用工艺工具;在反演处理上提高反演的速度、精度和稳定性及消除多解性。通过关键技术的讨论分析,旨在给随钻远探测电磁波测井技术与装备的研发人员、数据处理人员提供一些观点或启示,供大家借鉴和参考。Ultra-deep electromagnetic resistivity logging technique and tools are currently the research hotspot of LWD.The look-around DOD(Distance of Detection),look-ahead DOD and the bed boundary resolution are important technical specifications of these type of tools,so it is vital to solve some key technical problems for developing the tools and related processing software.Based on antenna arrangement,measurement function and signal,this paper discusses the concepts and specifications of look-around DOD,look-ahead DOD and the boundary resolution,and analyzes their influencing factors by numerical simulation.The numerical simulation results show that the look-around/look-ahead DOD and the boundary resolution of the ultra-deep electromagnetic logging tool depend on the arrangement of antennas,the type of geosignal,antenna spacing,operating frequency,formation resistivity and contrast,and they also are closely related to the capability of the tools to detect weak signals.This paper also discusses the key technical problems in the research and development of the ultra-deep electromagnetic logging tools,such as the accurate detection and processing of nanovolt-level weak signals,the designing and manufacturing of inclined/orthogonal antennas resistant against high pressure,strong vibration,corrosion of hydrogen sulfide and flushing of mud&rock fragments,and the fast inversion of multi-scale data.The influence factors of these key technical problems are analyzed,and the corresponding suggestions are given as follows:for circuit designing,suppressing interference signals,enhancing strength and stability of signals,and processing with high precision.In antenna designing and manufacturing,selecting high-strength materials,improving machining accuracy,designing and adopting special crafts&tools.In terms of data inversion,improving the speed,accuracy and stability and eliminating multiple solutions.The above discussion and analyses aims to give some ideas or views to the technical personnel engaged in the research and development

关 键 词：随钻远探测电磁波测井 地质信号 探边距离 前探距离 界面分辨率 微弱信号 多尺度快速反演 

分 类 号：P631.84[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]