植物益生木霉−根系互作机制及其信号物质筛选策略  

Mechanism of beneficial Trichoderma-root interaction and the screening strategy for signals

作　　者：陈玉 李宇聪 刘妍 付严松 缪有志 张瑞福[1,2] CHEN Yu;LI Yu-cong;LIU Yan;FU Yan-song;MIAO You-zhi;ZHANG Rui-fu(College of Resources and Environment Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第10期1923-1931,共9页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172661)。

摘　　要：木霉作为典型的植物益生真菌已被广泛用于农业绿色生产,并表现出良好的应用前景,它们能够通过产生信号物质与植物根系互作,包括在植物根表和根内定殖、调控植物根系发育、促进养分吸收利用等。木霉基因组中含有大量天然活性物质生物合成基因簇,产生丰富的胞外次级代谢产物,在木霉与植物根系建立互惠关系、稳定促生中发挥了至关重要的作用。目前常用的筛选策略主要是生物活性导向策略和基因组挖掘策略,筛选到的木霉次级代谢产物主要包括植物激素类物质和小分子化合物,物质种类单一,化学结构和调控机制缺乏新颖性,且互作植物主要为模式植物拟南芥,这些因素共同限制了木霉-植物根系互作研究的基础理论突破及其在农业生产中的实际应用。因此将木霉新型天然活性产物的筛选研究与绿色农业发展相结合,符合我国“少投入、多产出、保护环境”的发展模式,是我国实现绿色农业可持续发展的重要机遇和挑战。Trichoderma is a genus of filamentous fungi that are of interest to agriculture production and show good application prospects.Trichoderma interact with roots through signals,including colonization on the roots or as an endophyte of plants,regulating roots growth and plasticity,and promoting water and nutrients absorption.Trichoderma genomes contain a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)of natural active substances,which play a crucial role during Trichoderma-root interactions.Bioactivity-guided and genome mining isolation are the generally used methods to screen secondary metabolites(SMs)of Trichoderma,which usually are plant hormones and small molecule compounds.However,the screened SMs lack novelty in structures and encouraging researchs,and most known interactions are with model plantArabidopsis,limiting the basic theoretical breakthroughs in Trichoderma-root and application in agricultural production.It is urgent to incorporate theoretical breakthroughs of the screening study of new natural active products of Trichoderma into green agricultural development,which would be very important opportunities and challenges to achieve the sustainable agriculture in China.

关 键 词：益生木霉 根际定殖 根系发育 养分吸收 天然产物纯化 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]