添加有机物料对土壤团聚体矿物质分布和有机碳结构的影响  

Effects of Organic Materials on Mineral Distribution and Organic Carbon Structure of Soil Aggregates

作　　者：王克响 袁杨洋 柳新伟[1] 宋祥云[1] 杨景凯 徐佩杰 张晋京[4] 崔德杰[1] Wang Kexiang;Yuan Yangyang;Liu Xinwei;Song Xiangyun;Yang Jingkai;Xu Peijie;Zhang Jinjing;Cui Dejie(College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Sea-Rice Research and Development Center Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266100,China;Laoshan District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao City,Qingdao 266101,China;College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛海水稻研究发展中心有限公司,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛市崂山区农业农村局,山东青岛266101 [4]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第10期74-85,共12页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900900);山东省重点研发计划项目(2021CXGC010801,2021CXGC010804);山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花岗位创新团队项目(SDAIT-03-06);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019QG008,ZR2021MD066)。

摘　　要：本试验采用红外光谱和X射线衍射法研究向黑土中等碳量添加棉秆、棉秆堆肥和棉秆生物质炭培养30天和180天,土壤团聚体重组后团聚体有机碳化学结构和矿物质重新分布特征。结果表明,培养30天不同团聚体间土壤有机碳官能团存在显著差异,培养180天无显著差异;不同土壤团聚体间矿物质在培养30天时伊利石/绿泥石存在显著差异,培养180天时绿泥石、伊利石/绿泥石、伊利石/蒙脱石分别存在显著差异。与培养30天相比,培养180天棉秆处理2~0.25、0.25~0.053 mm和<0.053 mm土壤团聚体有机碳中的脂肪族碳(2920+2850 cm^(-1))相对含量分别降低39.73%、11.37%和7.54%;生物质炭处理2~0.25 mm土壤团聚体中绿泥石相对含量增加18.26%、伊利石/蒙脱石相对含量降低10.18%,0.25~0.053 mm土壤团聚体中蒙脱石相对含量提高15.14%。培养180天2~0.25 mm和<0.053 mm土壤团聚体中伊利石/蒙脱石和脂肪族碳均呈显著正相关。0.25~0.053 mm团聚体中蒙脱石与脂肪族碳呈显著正相关。以上研究结果表明,土壤团聚体重组后团聚体有机碳中脂肪族碳的变化与土壤矿物质在团聚体间的分布有较好相关性。在秸秆还田过程中可配施生物质炭以增强土壤有机碳的稳定性。The organic carbon(SOC)structure and mineral distribution characteristics in soil aggregates were studied by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction after 30 and 180 days of incubation by adding cotton straw,cotton straw derived compost and cotton straw derived biochar with equal carbon content respectively in-to black soil.The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional groups of SOC between different soil aggregates after 30 days of incubation,but there was no significant difference after 180 days of in-cubation.In addition,significant differences in illite/chlorite were found between different soil aggregates after 30 days of incubation,as well as chlorite,illite/chlorite and illite/montomorillonite after 180 days of incuba-tion.Compared to 30 days of incubation,the relative content of aliphatic carbons(2920+2850 cm^(-1))of SOC in 2.00~0.25-mm,0.25~0.053-mm and<0.053-mm of soil aggregates decreased by 39.73%,11.37%and 7.54%after 180 days of incubation,respectively;the relative content of chlorite in 2.00~0.25-mm soil aggregates increased by 18.26%,while that of illite/montomorillonite decreased by 10.18%;the relative content of montomoril-lonite in 0.25~0.053-mm soil aggregates increased by 15.14%.The positive correlations between the relative content of illite/montomorillonite and aliphatic carbon of SOC were found in 2.00~0.25-mm and<0.053-mm soil aggregates after 180 days of incubation.In addition,the positive correlation between montomorillonite and aliphatic car-bon of SOC was found in 0.25~0.053-mm aggregates.These results showed that the change of aliphatic carbon of SOC had better correlation with the distribution of minerals in reconstructed soil aggregates.The application of biochar with straw returning could enhance the stability of SOC.

关 键 词：土壤团聚体 有机碳 生物质炭 X射线衍射 红外光谱 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]