中华蜜蜂在北方露天大樱桃上的授粉行为及效果研究  

Pollination Behavior and Effect of Apis cerana on Cherry in Open Air of Northern China

作　　者：黄训兵 陈浩[2] 郑礼[2] 刘艳[2] 苏龙 朱佩群 绍波 王振全 蔡桂莲 翟一凡[2] Huang Xunbing;Chen Hao;Zheng Li;Liu Yan;Su Long;Zhu Peiqun;Shao Bo;Wang Zhenquan;Cai Guilian;Zhai Yifan(College of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Feixian Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Feixian 273400,China;FeixianAnimal Husbandry Development Promotion Center,Feixian 273400,China;Shandong Wanfengchao Apiculture Co.,Ltd.,Feixian 273400,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂276000 [2]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东济南250100 [3]费县农业技术推广中心,山东费县273400 [4]费县畜牧发展促进中心,山东费县273400 [5]山东万蜂朝蜂业有限公司,山东费县273400

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第10期112-117,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021YQ21,ZR2021QC218);山东省蜂产业技术体系(SDAIT-24)。

摘　　要：为明确中华蜜蜂在我国北方露天大樱桃上的授粉效果,本试验研究了其在大樱桃上的授粉行为特性及对大樱桃产量和品质的影响。结果表明,春季樱桃园内中华蜜蜂出巢数与日温度变化呈显著线性正相关,平均单蜂有效访花数为9.5朵/min,单花访问时间为5.1 s;与自然授粉相比,中华蜜蜂授粉的‘红灯’和‘乌克兰2号’大樱桃坐果率分别显著提高34.16%和19.30%,产量分别显著提高8.60%和8.35%,‘红灯’总糖含量和‘乌克兰2号’维生素C含量分别显著提高9.85%和7.34%。由此可见,中华蜜蜂授粉在一定程度上能够提高北方露天大樱桃产量,改善果实品质,值得在生产上推广应用。To clarify the pollination behavior and effect of Apis cerana on cherry in open air of northern China,we studied the pollination behavior characteristics of A.cerana and the effects on cherry yield and qual-ity.The results showed that there was a significant positive linear correlation between the number of bees flying out of nest and daily temperature in spring.The average number of effective visiting flowers of single bee was 9.5 flowers per minute,and the effective visiting time per flower was 5.1 s.Compared with natural pollination,the fruit setting rate of cherry‘Red Light’and‘Ukraine No.2’pollinated by A.cerana significantly in-creased by 34.16%and 19.30%,and the production yield increased by 8.60%and 8.35%,respectively.The total sugar content of‘Red Light’and the vitamin C content of‘Ukraine 2’were significantly higher in cher-ry pollinated with A.cerana than those with natural pollination,which significantly increased by 9.85%and 7.34%,respectively.In conclusion,A.cerana pollination could improve the yield and quality of cherry to a certain extent in open air of northern China,which was worth popularizing and applying widely in the future.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 大樱桃 授粉 行为特性 品质提升 

分 类 号：S897.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]