一种高增益宽带圆极化漏波天线的设计与仿真  

On the Design and Simulation of A Circularly Polarized Leaky-wave Antenna with High Gain and Wide Band Properties

作　　者：霍兴瀛 李铮[2] Huo Xingying;Li Zheng(School of Economics and Management,Liupanshui Normal University,Liupanshui 553000,China;School of Electronic Information Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]六盘水师范学院计算机科学学院,贵州六盘水553000 [2]北京交通大学电子信息工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《六盘水师范学院学报》2023年第5期96-101,共6页Journal of Liupanshui Normal University

基　　金：贵州省科技厅自然科学研究项目“贵州典型受限空间端射天线系统研究”(ZK[2022]528);国家自然科学基金项目“适用于受限空间电波覆盖的智能天线研究”(62261034)。

摘　　要：基于毫米波频段,提出了一种具有圆极化特性的周期漏波天线,可用于无线通信系统。该天线的圆极化单元由两组贴片组成,每组有两个组合型贴片,其中一组在介质板上表面中心馈线两侧,间隔半个周期,保证辐射波束的空间对称性;另一组贴片设置在介质基板的下表面,且与上组贴片空间正交,以减小天线交叉极化。天线利用上表面的中央带状线进行激励,并设计渐变型共面波导实现阻抗匹配,消除传统微带结构的接地,降低了天线的损耗,增大天线增益。利用CST仿真对该天线的辐射性能进行了分析,结果表明:天线-10 dB阻抗带宽与3 dB轴比带宽的重叠带宽为41.5 GHz~49 GHz,相对带宽为19.8%,交叉极化比共极化低20 dB。天线最大增益为l8.5 dBic,全频段辐射效率在90%以上。Circularly polarized(CP)antenna refers to an antenna whose projection of the end track of the radiated electric field vector on the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction is a circle,and is widely used in radar,positioning and wireless com⁃munication systems in various frequency bands.In this research,a periodic leaky-wave antenna is proposed based on millimeter waveband,which can be applied in the wireless communication systems.The CP unit cell of this antenna has two sets of patches,and each set contains two compositional patches.One is on the upside of the dielectric slab,distributed on two sides of the central feeding line,ensuring the symmetrical radiation in the space;and another set is orthogonally located on the downside of the dielec⁃tric slab,to reduce the cross-polarization.This antenna is fed by the central line on the upside surface,and a meandered coplanar waveguide is used to realize the impedance matching,without traditional ground and with low loss and high gain.The radiation per⁃formance of this antenna is analyzed by CST simulations,and the results show that the overlapping bandwidth of this antenna for 3-dB axial-ratio with S11<-10 dB is about 19.8%,from 41.5 GHz to 49 GHz,with-20 dB cross-polarization.The peak gain is l8.5 dBic and the radiation efficiency keeps over 90%during the whole band.

关 键 词：漏波天线 圆极化 高增益 周期性结构 

分 类 号：TN820[电子电信—信息与通信工程]