氟硅耐候自清洁涂层的制备及在高铁动车组上的应用  

Construction of weather resistant self-cleaning fluorosilicone coating and its application on high-speed trains

作　　者：王鑫 庄英斌 贾康乐 丁宇 赵静存 吴海福 何发胜 余龙飞 WANG Xin;ZHUANG Yingbin;JIA Kangle;DING Yu;ZHAO Jingcun;WU Haifu;HE Fasheng;YU Longfei(Institute of Metals and Chemistry,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Advanced Material Technology Co.Ltd.of China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant,Institute of Chemical Engineering,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510664,Guangdong,China;Multiple Depot of Guangzhou,China Railway Guangzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]北京中铁科新材料技术有限公司,北京100081 [3]广东省科学院,广东省科学院化工研究所,广东省工业表面活性剂重点实验室,广东广州510664 [4]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广州动车段,广东广州511400

出　　处：《精细化工》2023年第11期2544-2552,共9页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司重点科研项目(2021YJ228);广东省科学院发展专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010103);广州市科技计划重点项目(202206010144)。

摘　　要：以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯(SMA)、3-(丙烯酰氧基)丙基三异丙氧基硅烷(AC-76)和2-(全氟辛基)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(FOEMA)为原料合成了一系列不同单体比例的聚合物(P1~P5),并用于构建耐候自清洁涂层。利用FTIR、1HNMR对聚合物结构进行了表征,采用紫外-可见分光光度计及接触角测量仪测试了不同FOEMA和SMA质量分数对涂层透光率及疏水性的影响,对涂层进行了人工加速老化、液滴滑落及涂鸦、摩擦性能测试,并考察了涂层喷涂到高铁动车组上的应用。结果表明,当SMA质量分数为10%,FOEMA质量分数为15%(以反应体系总质量计,下同)时制备的涂层P3具有最大的透光率和水接触角,分别为98.6%和105.3°;涂层P3具有极佳的耐候性,加速老化5000 h后,涂层的保光率及疏水性变化很小;涂层P3具有优异的抗污及自清洁效果;涂层P3在900g压力下摩擦100次后接触角仍>95°,说明其具有优异的机械稳定性。此外,该涂层对动车组外车身实际污染物具有明显的自清洁效果。A series of polymers(P1~P5)with different monomer ratios were synthesized from methyl methacrylate(MMA),2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA),stearyl methacrylates(SMA),3-(acryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane(AC-76)and 2-(perfluorooctyl)ethyl methacrylate(FOEMA),characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR,and then used to construct weather-resistant self-cleaning coatings.The influence of FOEMA and SMA mass fractions on the transmittance and hydrophobicity of coating were investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer and contact angle measuring instrument.The coating obtained was analyzed for properties of the accelerated aging,droplet slippage,graffiti and friction,and the performance of the coating applied on high-speed railway carriages was further investigated.When the mass fraction of SMA and FOEMA were 10%and 15%(based on the total mass of the reaction system,the same below)respectively,the prepared coating P3 exhibited the maximum transmittance of 98.6%and water contact angle of 105.3°as well as excellent weather resistance.After 5000 h of accelerated aging,the coating showed little change in the gloss retention and hydrophobicity.Furthermore,the coating P3 displayed excellent performance in antifouling,self-cleaning and mechanical stability,with the water contact angle still greater than 95°after 100 times of friction under 900 g pressure.In addition,the train carriages coated with the P3 exhibited significant efficiency in self-cleaning of the actual pollutants.

关 键 词：自清洁涂层 耐候性 抗污效果 低表面能 动车组 丙烯酸系列化学品 

分 类 号：TQ630.1[化学工程—精细化工]