黄海湿地遗产区周边农户生计恢复力评价及优化路径  

Farmers′Livelihood Resilience and Its Optimization Path in the Yellow Sea Wetland Heritage Area

作　　者：马随随 李传武[2,3] 张华兵 MA Sui-sui;LI Chuan-wu;ZHANG Hua-bing(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi′an 710127,China;College of Urban and Planning,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng 224007,China;North Jiangsu Institute of Agricultural and Rural Modernization,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng 224007,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [2]盐城师范学院城市与规划学院,江苏盐城224007 [3]盐城师范学院苏北农业农村现代化研究院,江苏盐城224007

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2023年第11期1421-1429,共9页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42271191,41501567);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目(2018SJZDI080);苏北农业农村现代化研究院开放课题(21NYNC005)。

摘　　要：黄海湿地遗产区是我国第一个滨海湿地类自然遗产,随着湿地生境保护成为发展重心,遗产区周边的农户生计面临诸多挑战,提升农户生计恢复力,对实现湿地保护与周边社区协同发展具有重要意义。以黄海湿地遗产区周边乡村为案例地,从缓冲能力、自组织能力和学习能力3个维度构建农户生计恢复力评价指标体系,借助障碍度模型识别其关键影响因子,并据此提出农户生计恢复力优化路径。结果表明:(1)黄海湿地遗产区周边乡村的农户生计恢复力整体偏低,其中缓冲能力最高,自组织能力和学习能力均较低,不同类型农户间生计恢复力差异显著;(2)住房条件、公共服务覆盖度、人均农业用地面积、家庭生计类型总数、金融支持度和风险感知能力是不同类型农户生计恢复力的共同影响因子;(3)应当按照“分类优化、多业协同、政策扶持、农户自觉”的思路系统构建农户生计恢复力提升路径。研究结果可以为深化黄海湿地遗产区人与自然和谐共生以及乡村高质量发展提供决策参考。The Yellow Sea Wetland Heritage Area is the first coastal wetland natural heritage in China.Under the back-ground that the wetland habitat conservation becomes a focal point of development,the livelihoods of farmers in the vicinity of the heritage area face numerous challenges.Enhancing the livelihood resilience of these farmers is crucial for achieving wetland conservation and promoting collaborative development with neighboring communities.Taking the typical villages surrounding the Yellow Sea Wetland Heritage Area as a case for the study,an evaluation index system for farmers′liveli-hood resilience based on three dimensions:buffering capacity,self-organization ability,and learning capacity was devel-oped.The key influencing factors were also identified by the Obstacle Degree Model,and based on which the optimization path of farmers′livelihood resilience was further put forward.The findings are as follows:(1)Overall,the livelihood resil-ience of farmers in the villages surrounding the Yellow Sea Wetland Heritage Area was relatively low.Buffering capacity was the highest,while self-organization ability and learning capacity were comparatively lower,with significant variations in livelihood resilience among different types of households.(2)Housing conditions,public service coverage,per capita agricultural area,family livelihood diversity,financial support and risk perception ability were the common influencing fac-tors of farmers′livelihood resilience across various household types.(3)A systematic approach should be adopted to con-struct a pathway for enhancing livelihood resilience,which should be guided by the principles of"classification optimiza-tion,multi-sector collaboration,policy support,and farmer self-awareness".The research results can serve as valuable de-cision-making reference for advancing harmonious co-existence between humans and nature in the Yellow Sea Wetland Her-itage Area and promoting high-quality rural development.

关 键 词：农民生计恢复力 影响因子 优化路径 黄海湿地遗产区 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]