稻田养鱼模式综述  

Rice⁃fish co⁃culture mode:A review

作　　者：梁玉刚 余政军[2] 赵杨 匡炜 戴力 旷娜 方宝华 LIANG Yugang;YU Zhengjun;ZHAO Yang;KUANG Wei;DAI Li;KUANG Na;FANG Baohua(Hunan Rice Research Institute,Changsha 410125,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水稻研究所,长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第11期2747-2755,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新项目(2022CX122)资助。

摘　　要：稻田养鱼作为我国稻作生产的重要组成部分,开启了水稻种植与水产动物养殖相结合的典范,有着悠久的发展史和明显的经济、生态与社会效益,现已广泛应用于不同稻作生态区域中。本文综述了稻田养鱼的发展历史、分布区域、主要模式,以及稻田养鱼模式下经济效益、水稻产量、生长特性、土壤生态环境、水体生态环境、生物多样性和温室气体排放等相关基础研究,同时稻田养鱼也存在研究不够深入、种养技术不规范、重视养殖、水稻适应性品种少、养殖密度大等问题。从稻田养鱼的技术培训、种稻为主、适应性水稻品种筛选、控制水体污染等方面提出了发展见解,以期充分挖掘稻田养鱼模式的生产潜力,为农业提质增效和绿色可持续发展提供理论支撑。As an important component of rice production in China,rice⁃fish co⁃culture is a model of the combina⁃tion of rice planting and aquaculture,with a long history and obvious economic,ecological,and social benefits.It has been widely used in different rice⁃producing regions.We reviewed the development history,distribution area,and main modes of rice⁃fish co⁃culture,as well as related fundamental studies in terms of economic benefits,rice yield,growth characteristics,soil and water ecological environments,biodiversity,and greenhouse gas emissions.There are some problems in rice⁃fish co⁃culture,including lack of in⁃depth research,non⁃standard planting and breeding technology,emphasis on breeding,few suitable rice cultivars,high density of fish breeding.To fully de⁃velop the production potential of rice⁃fish co⁃culture,we proposed development opinions from the aspects of techni⁃cal training,focusing on rice planting,screening of suitable rice cultivars,and controlling water pollutions,which provides theoretical supports for improving the quality and efficiency of agriculture and its sustainable development.

关 键 词：水稻 稻田养鱼 发展历程 种养模式 

分 类 号：S964.2[农业科学—水产养殖]