四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区绿尾虹雉的繁殖习性  

Report on the Breeding Habits of Lophophorus lhuysii in the Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve,Sichuan

作　　者：李嘉新 彭波 李东睿 贺飞 郑冰权 林玉成[1,2] 冉江洪[1,2] LI Jiaxin;PENG Bo;LI Dongrui;HE Fei;ZHENG Bingquan;LIN Yucheng;RAN Jianghong(Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Administration of Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve,Beichuan,Sichuan Province 622750,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610065 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,四川省濒危野生动物保护重点实验室,成都610065 [3]四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区管理处,四川北川622750

出　　处：《四川动物》2023年第6期601-608,共8页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0402)。

摘　　要：绿尾虹雉Lophophorus lhuysii是我国特有种和国家一级重点保护野生动物,2015—2020年对四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区的野生种群进行了观察研究,共调查记录到8个巢:(1)巢较为简单,巢材多为枯草、干苔藓和自身羽毛,平均巢大小长343 mm×宽225 mm×深55 mm,存在巢址重复利用行为;(2)巢周植被以紫丁杜鹃Rhododen-dron violaceum、金露梅Potentilla fruticosa、糙野青茅Deyeuxia scabrescens和四川嵩草Kobresia setchwanensis为优势种,植被长势较好;(3)巢址位于海拔3400~3850 m阳坡的岩壁缝处,平均距离地面高7.69 m±0.38 m,坡度较大(37.88°±3.14°),巢址可到达性低、隐蔽度较高;(4)绿尾虹雉一般在4月上旬出现求偶行为,6月初幼鸟离巢活动,育雏初期几乎仅由雌鸟伴随照看,1只雌鸟一般育雏1~3只,大多2只,主要在灌丛周边活动,观察到2群一起育雏的现象。本研究结果丰富了绿尾虹雉的基础资料,为其深入研究和保护管理策略制订提供了科学依据。The Chinese monal(Lophophorus lhuysii)is an endangered endemic species that has been listed as one of the classⅠnationally key protected wild animals of China.However,the breeding habits including nest site use and fostering behavior in the wild still remain elusive.In this study,a long-term observational work on L.lhuysii was conducted in the Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve,Sichuan,from 2015 to 2020.A total of 8 nests were investigated,and the analysis results showed that(1)the nests of L.lhuysii were simple in structure and mostly made of materials including hay,dried moss and their shed feathers.The average nest size was 343 mm(length)×225 mm(width)×55 mm(depth).The reuse of the same nest site was identified.(2)The vegetation around the nests was dominated by Rhododendron violaceum,Poten-tilla fruticosa,Deyeuxia scabrescens and Kobresia setchwanensis,and the coverage was higher when getting nearer the nest.(3)The nest site was mostly located at a rock crevice at 3400-3850 m on the adret,with an average height of 7.69 m±0.38 m above the ground and a steep slope(37.88°±3.14°),making the nest sites less accessible and more secluded.(4)L.lhuysii generally started mating in early April,and the chicks left nests in early June.The chicks mainly moved around the thickets and were accompanied basically by female parent alone at the early rearing stage.Each female usually rears 1-3 chicks(mostly 2).Collaboration was recorded as two groups of chicks were observed being fostered together.This study enriches the basic information of L.lhuysii and provides a scientific basis for further research and developing conservation management strategy.

关 键 词：绿尾虹雉 巢址利用 繁殖行为 鸡形目 雉类 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学]