基于模糊数学理论的河道生态效益综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of river ecological benefitsbased on fuzzy mathematics theory

作　　者：吕迎雪[1] 胡德 李鑫 陈彩霞 郑传星 LÜYing-xue;HU De;LI Xin;CHEN Cai-xia;ZHENG Chuan-xing(CCCC Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Key Laboratory of Coastal Engineering Hydrodynamics,CCCC,Tianjin 300222,China;No.5 Engineering Co.,Ltd.of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066002,China;Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin Key Laboratoryof Civil Structure Protection and Reinforcement,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司,中国交建海岸工程水动力重点实验室,天津300222 [2]中交一航局第五工程有限公司,河北秦皇岛066002 [3]天津城建大学,天津市土木建筑结构防护与加固重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2023年第11期19-26,共8页China Harbour Engineering

基　　金：中交第一航务工程局有限公司科技研发项目(2021-7-2)。

摘　　要：河道既是水生态环境的重要载体,也是水文化中不可或缺的景观资源,其生态效益在社会可持续发展中起着重要作用。文中构建了涵盖河道特性、水流特性、生物特性、社会服务特性4个维度的河道生态效益评价指标体系,其中,河道特性、生物特性以及社会服务特性指标基于基础数据统计量化;水流特性指标基于河道水动力水质模型模拟结果来衡量。引入模糊数学理论构建了河道生态效益综合评价模型,其中各指标的权重采用层次分析法确定。最终形成了一套涵盖指标体系构建与量化、指标权重确定及综合评价模型构建与应用的河道生态效益评价体系。以唐山清水润城项目西沙河治理河段为研究对象,比较了5 a、10 a、20 a重现期设计降雨情景下河道治理前后的生态效益。结果显示:3种重现期设计降雨情景下,河道生态效益综合评价等级均由“差”转为“优”,表明河道清淤疏浚、堤防建设及岸坡防护工程等治理措施显著改善了河道的生态效益。Rivers are important carriers of aquatic ecosystems,and invaluable landscape resources in hydroculture.Their ecological benefits play a vital role in achieving sustainable social development.This study constructs an evaluation index system for assessing the ecological benefits of rivers,covering four dimensions:river characteristics,flow characteristics,biological characteristics,and social service characteristics.The river characteristics,biological characteristics,and social service characteristics are quantified based on statistical data,while the flow characteristics are measured using results from a hydraulic and water quality model.A comprehensive evaluation model for river ecological benefits was developed by incorporating fuzzy mathematics theory,in which the weights of each index were determined through the Analytic Hierarchy Process.Finally,a river ecological benefit evaluation system that includes index system construction and quantification,weight determination,and the construction and application of a comprehensive evaluation model was formed.Taking the Xisha River segment of the Tangshan Qingshuiruncheng Project as the research object,the ecological benefits before and after river regulation were compared under three design rainfall scenarios with return periods of 5 years,10 years,and 20 years.The results show that under all three design rainfall scenarios,the comprehensive evaluation grade of river ecological benefits has transitioned from"poor"to"excellent",indicating that the rehabilitation measures like dredging,embankment construction and bank slope protection engineering have significantly improved the ecological benefits of the river.

关 键 词：河道生态效益 水动力水质模型 层次分析法 模糊评价模型 

分 类 号：U612[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U615.1[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]