骏枣叶片碳氮营养与成花关系研究  

Study on Relationship Between Carbon and Nitrogen Nutrition of Jun-jujube Leaves and Flowering

作　　者：邓永辉 郑强卿[1] 王文军 陈奇凌[1] 王晶晶[1] 王振东 DENG Yonghui;ZHENG Qiangqing;WANG Wenjun;CHEN Qiling;WANG Jingjing;WANG Zhendong(Institute of Horticulture,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院林园研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第11期92-97,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目“特色林果业(红枣、苹果、香梨和葡萄)简约栽培标准化模式研究与示范推广”(2019AA004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究骏枣叶片碳氮营养变化与成花的关系,为枣花期调控和提高枣花芽质量提供科学依据。【方法】对新疆阿拉尔市8年生骏枣不同花期阶段叶片中碳水化合物、含氮化合物、叶片叶绿素含量和枣吊干物质积累进行测定,分析成花与枣吊叶片碳氮营养和生长的关系。【结果】枣树成花进程中叶片各营养成分呈一定规律变化,初花期叶片碳水化合物和含氮化合物积累达到高峰,进入盛花期后总糖、淀粉、还原糖和蛋白质含量均明显下降;叶片中蔗糖仅在现蕾期有较大增长,盛花期下降不明显;氨基酸含量仅在盛花期有明显增长;初花期叶片C/N达峰值,进入盛花期后明显下降;叶绿素含量在未现蕾期至初花期快速升高,后期维持在较高水平;枣吊干重在进入初花期后快速增长,进入盛花期后单枝枣吊上叶片数基本不变,枣吊上叶片干重和枣吊长度增长变缓。【结论】枣吊叶片淀粉和蛋白质积累是枣成花的重要物质基础,盛花期枣吊叶片代谢旺盛,碳氮营养形态快速转变,并促进碳素营养向花器官运输。【Objective】The relationship between carbon and nitrogen nutrition of Jun-jujube leaves and flowering was explored to provide the scientific basis for regulating the flowering period and improving bud quality of jujube.【Method】The contents of carbohydrate,nitrogen compounds,chlorophyll in leaves and dry matter accumulation in fruit bearing branch of 8-year-old Jun-jujube at different flowering stages were determined in Alar,Xinjiang,and the relationship between carbon and nitrogen nutrition of Jun-jujube leaves,growth and flowering was analyzed.【Result】The nutrient components in jujube leaves changed regularly during the flowering process.The accumulation of carbohydrate and nitrogen compounds in leaves reached the peak at the early flowering stage,and the total sugar,starch,reducing sugar and protein content decreased significantly after entering the full flowering stage;Sucrose in leaves only increased significantly at budding stage,but did not decrease obviously at full flowering stage;Amino acid content only increased significantly at full flowering stage;The leaf C/N reached the peak at the early flowering stage,and decreased significantly after entering the full flowering stage;Chlorophyll content in leaves remained at a high level at late stage after rapid increase from non-budding stage to early flowering stage;The dry weight of jujube fruit bearing branch increased rapidly after entering the early flowering stage.The number of leaves on single jujube fruit bearing branch did not increase after entering the full flowering stage.The dry weight of leaves on jujube fruit bearing branch and the length of jujube fruit bearing branch increased slowly.【Conclusion】The accumulation of starch and protein in the leaves of jujube fruit bearing branch was an important material basis for the flower formation.At the full flowering stage,the metabolism of the leaves on jujube fruit bearing branch was vigorous,the carbon and nitrogen nutrient forms were rapidly transformed,and the carbon nutrient transport

关 键 词：骏枣 成花 叶片 碳氮营养 营养生长 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]