柴油机薄壁件噪声源识别及降噪研究  

Study on noise source identification and noise reduction of diesel engine thin-walled parts

作　　者：胡溧[1] 郑洛甲 徐成辉 谭征宇 杨啟梁[1] 王华伟 HU Li;ZHENG Luojia;XU Chenghui;TAN Zhengyu;YANG Qiliang;WANG Huawei(School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,Hubei,China;Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Technical Center,Wuhan 430000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学汽车与交通工程学院,湖北省武汉市430065 [2]东风商用车有限公司技术中心,湖北省武汉市430000

出　　处：《农业装备与车辆工程》2023年第11期100-105,135,共7页Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering

摘　　要：针对某柴油机薄壁件辐射噪声问题,以气阀罩盖为研究对象,测试与仿真相结合实现结构传递噪声与透射噪声的识别与分离。基于参数型修正法优化的有限元模型,分别以采集的模态扩展线框测点振动信号和螺栓处加速度信号为输入计算振动及声学响应并进行噪声源识别;通过隔声识别法试验验证噪声源识别结果的准确性;并研究气阀罩盖采取隔声减振与吸声措施时对整机噪声的影响。结果表明:模态扩展法与隔声识别法的噪声源识别结果一致,在400~4000 Hz频段以透射噪声为主,且透射噪声占比约80%;气阀罩盖采用隔声减振措施时,在内侧贴复合板的效果要优于外侧;采用轻量化低噪声复合气阀罩盖时,整机可降低3.0 dB(A)。为发动机薄壁件噪声源识别及降噪提供新思路。Aiming at the problem of the radiation noise of thin wall parts of a diesel engine,taking the valve cover as the research object,the identification and separation of structural transfer noise and transmission noise were realized through the method of combining test and simulation.The finite element model was optimized based on the parametric modification method,and the vibration and acoustic responses were calculated by taking the vibration signals of the measuring points of the modal expansion wire frame and the acceleration signals at the bolt as input,respectively,and the noise sources were identified.The accuracy of the simulation noise identification results was verified by the sound insulation identification method;and the influence of sound isolation and vibration absorption measures on the whole diesel engine noise was studied.The results showed that the noise source identification results of the modal expansion method were consistent with those of the sound insulation identification method.The transmission noise was the main noise in the frequency bands of 400~4000 Hz,and the transmission noise accounted for about 80%.When sound insulation and vibration reduction measures were adopted on the valve cover,the effect of pasting composite plate on the inside was better than that on the outside;Using lightweight low noise composite valve cover,the overall diesel engine noise could be reduced by 3.0 dB(A).This method provides a new idea for noise source identification and noise reduction of thin-walled engine parts.

关 键 词：噪声源识别 模态扩展法 透射噪声 隔声识别法 隔声减振 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理] TK423[理学—声学]