灵芝中外源性污染物分析及风险评估  

Content analysis and health risk assessment of exogenous pollutants in Ganoderma lucidum

作　　者：陆才洋 匡创富 梁雪娟[2] 张年[4] 龚年春 李旻熹 彭艳梅 LU Caiyang;KUANG Chuangfu;LIANG Xuejuan;ZHANG Nian;GONG Nianchun;LI Minxi;PENG Yanmei(Hunan Center for Drug Evaluation and ADR Monitoring,Changsha 410013,Hunan,China;Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410006,Hunan,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410005,Hunan,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410007,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省药品审评与不良反应监测中心,湖南长沙410013 [2]湖南省中医药研究院,湖南长沙410006 [3]湖南中医药大学第二附属医院,湖南长沙410005 [4]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《湖南中医杂志》2023年第10期187-192,共6页Hunan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021SK2007);湖南省中医药科研计划重点项目(A2023005);国家卫生健康委员会食品安全标准与监测评估司食药物质试点工作转归政策研究项目。

摘　　要：目的:研究湖南省不同地区灵芝中外源性污染物含量,并对其重金属及有害元素进行健康风险评估,以期为灵芝的质量检测提供依据。方法:按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(简称《中国药典》)对灵芝中重金属及有害元素、农药及二氧化硫等外源性污染物含量进行测定,通过计算每日最大可耐受量(EDI)和靶标危害系数(THQ)对其中重金属及有害元素含量进行健康风险评估。结果:各批次灵芝中砷、镉、汞、铅的含量均符合《中国药典》的限量标准。仅1批灵芝中砷含量和3批灵芝中镉含量不符合相关食品标准。EDI结果未发现明显健康风险;THQ结果显示,1批灵芝存在潜在健康风险。农药及二氧化硫残留检测结果显示,6批灵芝中农药残留量不符合限量标准,1批灵芝二氧化硫残留量不符合食品限量标准。结论:灵芝作为食药物质,需要有效控制外源性污染物含量,并及时完善相关质量标准。Objective:To investigate the content of exogenous pollutants and the health risk of heavy metals and harmful elements in Ganoderma lucidum from different areas of Hunan,China,and to provide a basis for the quality assessment of Ganoderma lucidum.Methods:The content of the exogenous pollutants such as heavy metals,harmful elements,pesticides,and sulfur dioxide was measured according to Pharmacopoeia of The People’s Republic of China(2020 edition)(hereinafter referred to as Chinese Pharmacopoeia),and EDI and target hazard quotient(THQ)were calculated to perform the health risk assessment of heavy metals and harmful elements.Results:The content of arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and lead in each batch of Ganoderma lucidum met the limit standard in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.It was found that the content of arsenic in one batch and the content of cadmium in three batches did not meet related food standard.The results of EDI showed no obvious health risks,while the results of THQ showed that one batch of Ganoderma lucidum had potential health risks.Detection of pesticide and sulfur dioxide residues showed that pesticide residues did not meet the limit standard in six batches of Ganoderma lucidum,and sulfur dioxide residues did not meet the limit standard for food in one batch.Conclusion:Since Ganoderma lucidum is both a drug and a type of food,it is necessary to effectively control the content of exogenous pollutants and timely perfect related quality standard.

关 键 词：灵芝 外源性污染物 重金属 有害元素 农药 二氧化硫 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]