高速垂向运动声源声场干涉特性及其可观测性  

Interference characteristics and observability of acoustic field radiated by a high-speed vertical moving source

作　　者：赵春鹏 梁国龙 邱龙皓[1,2,3] 付进 柳国龙 ZHAO Chunpeng;LIANG Guolong;QIU Longhao;FU Jin;LIU Guolong(National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]工业和信息化部海洋信息获取与安全工信部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学),哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《声学学报》2023年第6期1081-1097,共17页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62101153);国防基础科研计划项目(JCKY2019604B001);自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室开放基金项目(MESTA-2021-A001);水声对抗技术重点实验室基金项目(JCKY2022207CH09);声纳技术重点实验室开放基金项目(6142109KF212203)资助。

摘　　要：以高速垂向运动声源宽带连续谱噪声为研究对象,基于射线理论分析了声场干涉现象的产生机理,推导了干涉条纹的轨迹方程,讨论了影响干涉结构特性的因素,揭示了声场干涉结构的特性和规律。理论和仿真结果表明:干涉周期与多途信号时延差成反比关系;减小接收深度或增大接收距离可以提高干涉条纹的可观测性;较大的海面起伏易使干涉条纹形成断点,可观测性降低。湖试数据分析结果表明,干涉条纹主要由直达声-海面反射声干涉条纹构成,干涉条纹宽度和干涉周期随水平距离的增大而增大。该结果可为高速垂向运动声源运动状态分析、环境参数反演等提供参考。The mechanism of interference structures caused by broadband continuous-spectrum noise radiated by a high-speed vertical moving source is analyzed based on ray theory.The path equations of interference fringes are derived and the factors affecting the interference characteristics are discussed.Finally,the characteristics and laws of interference structures are revealed.Theoretical and simulation results indicate that the interference periods are inversely proportional to the delay differences of multipath signals.The observability of interference fringes can be improved by decreasing the receiving depth or increasing the receiving range.Additionally,randomly undulatory sea surface can cause breakpoints of the interference fringes and reduce the observability.Real data results have confirmed that the interference structures are primarily composed of directed-bottom-reflected wave.Moreover,the interference period increases as the horizontal range increases.The research has potential application prospects for target motion analysis and environment parameter inversion.

关 键 词：声场干涉特性 干涉条纹 水下动目标观测 浅海波导 随机海面起伏 

分 类 号：TB56[交通运输工程—水声工程]