基于无网格法的风力发电机主轴强度仿真研究  

Simulation of wind turbine main shaft strength based on meshless method

作　　者：聂新宇 汪小芳[1,2] 刘勇 白聪儿 孙哲杰 夏国俊 NIE Xinyu;WANG Xiaofang;LIU Yong;BAI Conger;SUN Zhejie;XIA Guojun(Zhejiang Windey Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China;Key Laboratory of Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310012,China;College of Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江运达风电股份有限公司,浙江杭州310012 [2]浙江省风力发电技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [3]浙江大学能源工程学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第11期1760-1767,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C01178)。

摘　　要：风力发电机主轴强度有限元分析存在复杂且耗时的问题。为了提高风力发电机中传递载荷的关键部件—主轴的设计效率,以单SRB和双TRB两类机型的主轴结构为例,分析了无网格法在主轴装配体上的计算可靠性,及其在建模过程与计算时间上的优势,进而提出了一种利用无网格法提高迭代效率的主轴结构设计方法。首先,以含双列调心滚子轴承(SRB)或单列圆锥滚子轴承(TRB)的两类主轴装配结构为对象,建立了采用杆单元简化轴承建模的有限元模型;然后,基于外部有限元逼近法,建立了适用于三维原型的边界条件与接触关系,开展了无网格法建模研究;最后,在4种典型极限载荷工况下,计算了两类主轴无网格模型的变形与集中应力结果,并将其与业内公认的有限元强度分析方法的结果进行了对比,对主轴无网格法的适用性和有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明:与有限元强度分析方法相比,无网格法计算两类结构的最大位移相对误差在-6.06%~2.28%之间,主轴上的集中应力相对误差分别在-2.36%~2.94%及-6.71%~4.76%之间,两者结果较为吻合;由此可见,在保证刚度、应力准确的同时,无网格法的建模过程更加简便,且计算时间显著降低,可有效提高主轴的设计效率。The finite element analysis of the main shaft strength of wind turbines has complex and time-consuming problems.In order to improve the design efficiency of the main shaft which is a key component for transmitting load in wind turbines,the calculation reliability of the meshless method on the main shaft assembly and its advantages in modeling process and calculation time were analyzed using the main shaft structures of single SRB and double TRB models as examples.A main shaft structure design method that utilizes the meshless method to improve iteration efficiency was proposed.Firstly,taking two types of main shaft assembly structures containing double row self-aligning roller bearing(SRB)or single row tapered roller bearings(TRB)as objects,finite element models based on simplified bearings through link elements were established.Then,based on external finite element approximation theory,boundary conditions and contact relationships suitable for 3D prototypes were established,and research of the modeling process of meshless simulation method was conducted.Finally,the deformations and concentrated stresses of the two types of main shaft structures under four typical ultimate load conditions were calculated and analyzed respectively.Comparing with the recognized finite element strength analysis method in the industry,the applicability and effectiveness of the meshless simulation method for wind turbine main shaft structures were validated.The results show that the relative errors of the maximum displacements of the whole structures between finite element models and meshless simulation models are within-6.06%~2.28%,and the relative errors of concentrated stresses of the two types of main shafts are respectively within-2.36%~2.94%and-6.71%~4.76%,indicating good agreement.While ensuring the accuracy of the stiffness and stress,the meshless simulation modeling process is much easier,and the calculation time is reduced significantly,which can improve the design efficiency of the main shaft effectively.

关 键 词：风力发电机 机械强度 主轴设计效率 有限元强度分析 无网格法 SimSolid 

分 类 号：TH114[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TM315[电气工程—电机]