基于ISFD的滑动轴承转子系统不平衡振动抑制研究  

Unbalanced vibration suppression of sliding bearing rotor system with integral squeeze film damper

作　　者：路凯华 耿斌斌 何立东[2] 陈钊 王五四 张嘉洋 LU Kaihua;GENG Binbin;HE Lidong;CHEN Zhao;WANG Wusi;ZHANG Jiayang(Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Beijing 100076;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京航天动力研究所,北京100076 [2]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第11期1768-1775,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017-IV-0010-0047)。

摘　　要：由于高转速和大功率的需要,现有很多转子设备往往是基于滑动轴承设计的,因而由不平衡故障引起的振动成为影响这些设备安全运行的关键因素。为了探究整体式挤压油膜阻尼器(ISFD)对滑动轴承转子系统因不平衡故障产生振动的抑制效果,对安装有ISFD阻尼支承后的转子系统的不平衡振动响应进行了研究。首先,以实验室现有的转子试验台为基础,设计了安装有滑动轴承的ISFD阻尼支承结构,对ISFD的减振机理进行了介绍;然后,运用有限元方法,研究了ISFD弹性体的径向刚度特性;最后,搭建了单跨对称转子试验台,采用试验的方式,研究了该ISFD阻尼支承结构对转子不平衡振动的抑制效果。研究结果表明:在较宽的载荷范围内,ISFD弹性体的位移值与静载荷呈线性关系,具有优良的线性刚度特性;ISFD具有优良的阻尼特性,可以较好地抑制不同转速工况下滑动轴承转子系统的不平衡振动,在1 800 r/min的工况下,转子在x和y方向的振动降幅分别为38.4%和49.4%;ISFD阻尼支承可以有效抑制滑动轴承转子系统不平衡故障导致的工频振动,在1 600 r/min的工况下,转子在x和y方向的工频振动降幅分别为19.5%和29.4%,其减振效果良好。该研究成果可以为ISFD在滑动轴承转子系统中的实际工程应用提供借鉴,具有良好的应用前景。Due to the needs of high speed and high power,many existing rotor equipments are often designed based on sliding bearings,so the vibration caused by the unbalanced fault becomes the key factor affecting the safe operation of these equipment.In order to investigate the suppression effect of integral squeeze film damper(ISFD)on the vibration of sliding bearing rotor systems caused by unbalanced faults,an experimental study was conducted on the unbalanced vibration response of the rotor system after installing ISFD damping supports.Firstly,based on an existing rotor test bench in the laboratory,ISFD damping supports with sliding bearings were designed,and the vibration reduction mechanism of ISFD was briefly introduced.Then,the radial stiffness characteristics of the ISFD elastomer were studied using finite element method.Finally,a single span symmetric rotor test bench was built to experimentally study the suppression effect of the ISFD damping support on unbalanced vibration of the rotor.The research results indicate that the ISFD elastomer has excellent linear stiffness characteristics over a wide load range,with displacement values linearly related to static loads.ISFD has excellent damping characteristics and can effectively suppress the unbalanced vibration of the sliding bearing rotor system under different speed conditions.Among them,the vibration reduction of the rotor in the x and y directions at 1800 r/min is respectively 38.4%and 49.4%.ISFD damping support can effectively suppress the unbalance vibration caused by unbalanced faults in the sliding bearing rotor system.The unbalance vibration reduction of the rotor in the x and y directions at 1600 r/min is respectively 19.5%and 29.4%,indicating good vibration reduction effect.The research results provide a reference for the practical engineering application of ISFD in sliding bearing rotor system,and have good application prospects.

关 键 词：滑动轴承转子系统 整体式挤压油膜阻尼器 ISFD阻尼支承结构 不平衡故障 振动响应 弹性体径向刚度特性 振动抑制效果 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH133.31