兰考县水土污染现状及防治对策探析  

An analysis of the present situation of soil and water pollution and countermeasures for prevention and control inI Lankao county

作　　者：宋会香 张公 SONG Hui-xiang;ZHANG Gong(Ecological and Environmental Geological Service Centre,Henan Geological Bureau,Zhengzhou 450053,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质局生态环境地质服务中心,河南郑州450053

出　　处：《地下水》2023年第5期117-119,共3页Ground water

基　　金：河南省国土资源厅2016年度基础性地质环境调查项目(豫财环[2016]25号)。

摘　　要：兰考县位于河南省东部,近年来随着城市工业、乡镇企业的发展,城市垃圾堆放量及污水排放量不断增加。由于处于黄河下游冲积平原区,地表防护性能较差,地下水及土壤遭到一定程度污染。本文对兰考县的地下水及土壤的污染现状进行了评价,提出了水土污染防治对策,可为兰考县水土污染防治提供科学依据。地下水污染现状评价,采用单项组份评价和综合评价,单项组份评价按照水分析成果与地下水质量标准比较,综合评价在单项评价的基础上根据内梅罗公式按综合指数进行评价。工作区地下水多为未污染,未污染水质分布于全区大部分区域,仅在局部检测部分单因子超标,造成轻微污染。土壤污染评价按土壤环境质量标准值计算单指标土壤环境质量指数,单一元素土壤污染指数得出后,然后按内梅罗法计算综合污染指数。一级质量区主要分布在城市建成区周围及西部大部分区域。二级质量区主要分布在局部区域。水土污染防治对策:(1)从源头控制污染物的排放量;(2)做好污染物堆放场地的防渗工作;(3)加强污染场地水质监测,严防污染事故发生。Lankao county is located in the eastern part of Henan province.In recent years,with the development of urban industry and township enterprises,the amount of urban waste dumping and sewage discharge has been increasing.Due to the fact that it is in the alluvial plain area of the lower reaches of the yellow river,the surface is poorly protected and the groundwater and soil are contaminated to a certain extent.This paper evaluates the pollution status of groundwater and soil in Lankao county,and puts forward countermeasures for the prevention and control of soil and water pollution,which can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil and water pollution in Lankao county.Evaluation of the current status of groundwater pollution,using single-component evaluation and comprehensive evaluation,single-component evaluation in accordance with the results of water analyses compared with groundwater quality standards,comprehensive evaluation on the basis of single-component evaluation according to the nemero formula according to the composite index for evaluation.Groundwater in the work area is mostly uncontaminated,and uncontaminated water quality is distributed throughout most of the region,with only minor contamination caused by localized exceedances of some of the single factors detected.Soil pollution evaluation is based on soil environmental quality standard values to calculate the single index soil environmental quality index,single element soil pollution index is derived,and then the comprehensive pollution index is calculated according to the nemero method.The primary quality areas are mainly located around the built-up areas of the city and most of the western part of the city.Level II quality areas are mainly located in localized areas.Countermeasures against soil and water pollution:(1)Controlling pollutant emissions at source;(2)improve the impermeability of pollutant stockpile sites;(3)strengthen the monitoring of water quality at contaminated sites to prevent pollution accidents.

关 键 词：兰考县 水土污染 现状 防治 对策 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]