荧光定量PCR技术与酶联免疫法在手足口病肠道病毒检测中的应用价值比较  

Comparison of the application value of fluorescent quantitative PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the detection of hand foot mouth disease enterovirus

作　　者：叶莹[1] 杨应松[2] 阮燕如 陈泳言[1] 黄璐 YE Ying;YANG Yingsong;RUAN Yanru;CHEN Yongyan;HUANG Lu(Department of Laboratory,Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen529000,China;Medical Genetics Center,Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen529000,China;Reproductive Medicine Center,Jiangmen Central Hospital,Guangdong Province,Jiangmen529000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市妇幼保健院检验科,广东江门529000 [2]广东省江门市妇幼保健院医学遗传中心,广东江门529000 [3]广东省江门市中心医院生殖医学中心,广东江门529000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第31期133-136,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：广东省江门市医疗卫生领域科技计划项目(2019 D025)。

摘　　要：目的探讨荧光定量PCR技术(FQ-PCR)与酶联免疫法(ELISA)在手足口病肠道病毒检测中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月就诊于广东省江门市妇幼保健院的疑似238例手足口病患儿,均行FQ-PCR检测与ELISA检测,统计FQ-PCR与ELISA病毒阳性检出率,以病毒分离培养及临床表现、血清实验室综合诊断结果为金标准,对比FQ-PCR与ELISA检测敏感度与特异度、准确度及检测窗口期。结果238例患儿中137例(57.56%)最终确诊为手足口病。FQ-PCR检测敏感度与特异度、准确度均高于ELISA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FQ-PCR病毒阳性检出率较ELISA高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FQ-PCR对通用型肠道病毒、Cox A16、EV71检测窗口期均短于ELISA检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与ELISA相比,FQ-PCR在手足口病肠道病毒检测中具有更高的特异度、敏感度,可提高阳性检出率,且检测窗口期更短,利于临床早期实施治疗。Objective To explore the application value of fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in the detection of hand foot mouth disease enterovirus.Methods From January 2021 to December 2022,238 suspected children with hand foot mouth disease who admitted to the Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected and tested by FQ-PCR and ELISA,and the positive detection rates of FQ-PCR and ELISA were counted.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and detection window of FQ-PCR and ELISA were compared with the gold standard of virus isolation,culture,clinical manifestations,and serum laboratory comprehensive diagnosis.Results Among the 238 children,137(57.56%)were ultimately diagnosed with hand foot mouth disease.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of FQ-PCR detection were higher than those of ELISA,with statistical differences(P<0.05).The positive detection rate of FQ-PCR virus was higher than that of ELISA,with statistical difference(P<0.05).The detection window periods of FQ-PCR for universal Enterovirus,Cox A16,and EV71 were shorter than those of ELISA,with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with ELISA,FQ-PCR has higher specificity and sensitivity in the detection of hand foot mouth disease enterovirus,which can improve the positive detection rate,and the detection window period is shorter,which is conducive to early clinical treatment.

关 键 词：手足口病 肠道病毒 酶联免疫 荧光定量PCR技术 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]