广西某地农村小学生水合状态及饮水知信行现状  

Hydration status and knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding hydration among primary school students in a rural area of Guangxi

作　　者：程帅 焦利静 夏云婷[1] 许露曦 钟格梅[2] 李洪兴[1] CHENG Shuai;JIAO Lijing;XIA Yunting;XU Luxi;ZHONG Gemei;LI Hongxing(National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing(102200),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心,北京102200 [2]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生与地方病防制所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第10期1478-1482,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的 了解广西某地农村小学生水合状态及饮水知识态度行为现状,为学校开展饮水健康教育提供指导。方法于2022年10月,在广西某县选取2所包括饮水基础设施在内的基本条件相似的农村乡镇寄宿制小学,采用整群抽样方法选择三至六年级439名学生作为调查对象,采集学生尿样进行渗透压检测,评价随机水合状态,并进行饮水问卷调查。结果 有35.54%的小学生随机水合状态为正常水合(尿液渗透压≤800 mOsm/kg),女生正常水合状态的比例高于男生(44.50%,26.70%,χ^(2)=15.18,P<0.05)。学生饮水知识总知晓率为37.36%,高年级高于低年级(42.32%,31.75%,χ^(2)=26.10,P<0.05);积极态度总持有率为66.20%,女生高于男生(71.27%,61.20%),高年级高于低年级(68.78%,63.29%)(χ^(2)值分别为39.82,11.77,P值均<0.05);正确饮水行为总形成率为40.83%,女生高于男生(44.38%,37.33%),高年级高于低年级(43.56%,37.74%)(χ^(2)值分别为9.03,6.13,P值均<0.05)。小学生在校随机水合状态与饮水方式有关(χ^(2)=5.09,P<0.05),不正确的饮水方式会增加脱水的风险(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.06~2.44,P<0.05)。2所学校各年级中正常水合状态者所占的比例与知识总知晓率、积极态度总持有率、正确行为总形成率的关联无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论 广西某地小学生在校期间随机水合状态不足比例较高,健康饮水知识知晓率、积极态度持有率和正确行为形成率低。建议加强学生健康饮水方面的宣传教育,引导学生健康饮水。Objective To investigate hydration status and knowledge,attitude and behavior regarding hydration among primary school students in a rural area of Guangxi,so as to provide guidance for hydration education in schools.Methods In october 2022,two rural township boarding primary schools with similar basic conditions including drinking water infrastructure,were selected in Guangxi.A total of 439 students in grades 3-6 from these two schools were selected as participants by the cluster sampling.Urinary osmolality of students was assessed to evaluate the random hydration status,and all the participants filled out the drinking water survey.Results About 35.54%of the participants were in normal hydration status(urine osmolality≤800 mOsm/kg)during the interview,which was higher among female than male students(44.50%,26.70%,χ^(2)=15.18,P<0.05).Among the participants,the overall awareness rate of knowledge was 37.36%,which was higher in the higher grades than in the lower grades(42.32%,31.75%,χ^(2)=26.10,P<0.05).The overall positive attitude holding rate of students was 66.20%,more for girls than boys(71.27%,61.20%)and higher for upper grades than lower grades(68.78%,63.29%)(χ^(2)=39.82,11.77,P<0.05).The overall correct drinking behavior formation rate was 40.83%,more for girls than boys(44.38%,37.33%)and higher for upper grades than lower grades(43.56%,37.74%)(χ^(2)=9.03,6.13,P<0.05).The random hydration status of primary school students at school was associated with their drinking pattern(χ^(2)=5.09,P<0.05),and incorrect water intake patterns increased the risk of dehydration(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.06-2.44,P<0.05).No statistical association was found between the percentage of students with normal hydration status and its total rate of knowledge about drinking water,positive attitudes held and correct behaviors formed in the two schools at each grade level(P>0.05).Conclusion The proportion of primary school students with insufficient random hydration status during school in Guangxi is relatively high.The rates of awareness,

关 键 词：水合状态 饮水 健康知识 态度 实践 学生 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R193