常州市2019—2022年学校札如病毒聚集性疫情的流行病学及病毒基因特征分析  

Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of sapovirus clusters in Changzhou schools from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：姚萍[1] 李琼[1] 蒋霞[2] 毛旭建 许健 屠博文[1] 王凤鸣[1] 蒋靖怡 YAO Ping;LI Qiong;JIANG Xia;MAO Xujian;XU Jian;TU Bowen;WANG Fengming;JIANG Jingyi(Pathogenic Biology Laboratory,Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou(213022),Jiangsu Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]常州市疾病预防控制中心病原生物检验科,江苏213022 [2]常州市疾病预防控制中心急性传染病防制科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第10期1574-1577,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：常州市病原微生物学重点实验室(CM20223016);常州市卫生健康青苗人才项目(CZQM2022023);常州市科技支撑计划项目(社会发展)(CE20225041);常州市科技计划项目(应用基础)(CJ20220114,CJ20200031)。

摘　　要：目的了解常州市学校札如病毒(SaV)聚集性疫情的流行病学及病毒基因特征,为学校处置聚集性呕吐腹泻事件提供参考。方法收集2019—2022年常州市SaV聚集性疫情的流行病学资料和实验室检测数据进行流行病学分析,对SaV阳性样本进行VP1部分基因扩增和测序,并进行系统进化分析。结果2019—2022年常州市中小学及幼儿园共报告SaV聚集性疫情8起,报告病例数118例,总罹患率为1.47%,罹患人数中位数为15例。疫情流行时间集中在9—12月,场所分布为幼儿园6起,小学2起;主要临床表现为呕吐(113例,95.76%)、腹痛(39例,33.05%)、腹泻(16例,13.56%)。8起疫情中17株样本株测序成功,其中5起疫情由GII.3基因型引起,另外3起分别为GI.1、GI.3和GII.2。GI和GII是本地区主要型别,GII.3为聚集性疫情流行优势株。结论SaV是学校聚集性呕吐腹泻疫情中的重要病原体,应对其进行持续监测,进一步了解其流行特征及病毒基因型分布情况,为学校疫情防控提供科学依据。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and genetic characteristics of sapovirus(SaV)in a cluster of schools in Changzhou,so as to provide a reference for the treatment of clustered vomiting and diarrhea events in schools.Methods The epidemiological data and laboratory test data of sapovirus clusters in Changzhou from 2019 to 2022 were collected and analyzed.Partial VP1 genes of SaV positive samples were amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.Results A total of 8 cases of clusters of SaV epidemics were reported in Changzhou City from 2019 to 2022,with 118 reported cases.The total attack rate was 1.47%,and the median of the attack number was 15.There were 6 outbreaks in kindergartens and 2 outbreaks in primary schools,which were reported in the epidemic period from September to December.The main clinical manifestations were vomiting(113 cases,95.76%),abdominal pain(39 cases,33.05%),and diarrhea(16 cases,13.56%).Among the 8 outbreaks,17 sample strains were successfully sequenced.5 outbreaks were GII.3,and the other 3 outbreaks were GI.1,GI.3 and GII.2.GI and GII were the main genotypes in this area,and GII.3 was the predominant strain.Conclusion SaV is an important pathogen in the clusters of vomiting and diarrhea in schools after the transmission of norovirus.Continuous surveillance of SaV should be carried out to further understand its epidemiological characteristics and genotype distribution,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic in schools.

关 键 词：肠道病毒感染 疾病暴发流行 发病率 基因 病毒 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R179