基于热成像面积变化率的锂电池热失控研究  

Research on thermal runaway of lithium battery based on thermal imaging area change rate

作　　者：李德敏[1] 沈天苗 段家辉 官洪运[1] LI Demin;SHEN Tianmiao;DUAN Jiahui;GUAN Hongyun(College of Information Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学信息科学与技术学院,上海201620

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第9期3160-3166,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：锂电池在生活中的使用越来越普及,但锂电池热失控造成的损失是不可估量的。使用红外热成像监测锂电池表面高温区域面积的扩散,从电池过充、内部隔膜刺穿和外部短路3个方面获取电池热成像的表面高温区域分布。通过MATLAB对电池升温过程中的热成像进行红外图像处理,使用最大类间方差法分割电池表面的高温区域。最后采用高斯逼近函数拟合高温区域面积的变化,分析出3种锂电池热失控的原因。Battery overcharge,external short circuit,and internal diaphragm thermal puncture are three common causes of lithium battery thermal runaway.Through the calculation of the area change rate of the high-temperature area on the battery surface in the battery infrared image,this paper distinguishes the thermal runaway caused by an overcharge of lithium batteries,external short circuits,and thermal puncture of the internal diaphragm.To obtain the area change rate of the hightemperature area on the surface of the battery,infrared imaging technology is used to monitor the process of heating out of control caused by three factors:overcharge of lithium battery,external short circuit,and thermal puncture of the internal diaphragm.Taking MATLAB as the platform,infrared imaging in the process of battery heating up under the conditions of battery overcharge,external short circuit,and internal diaphragm thermal puncture is processed.The segmentation thresholds of the high-temperature region and background of the battery surface in the battery infrared imaging are automatically obtained by the maximum interclass variance method.After calculating the area of the high-temperature area on the battery surface divided in the process of heating out of control caused by three factors,the Gaussian approximation function is used to fit the change of the area of the high-temperature area on the battery surface,and the area change rate of the high-temperature area on the battery surface is obtained.The results show that the maximum interclass variance method can accurately segment the hightemperature region of the surface in the battery infrared imaging,and the Gaussian approximation function has a better effect on fitting the area change of the high-temperature region.In the process of heating out of control caused by battery overcharge,external short circuit,and internal diaphragm thermal puncture,there are different area change rates of the high-temperature area on the battery surface.By analyzing the area change rate of the high-tempe

关 键 词：安全工程 锂电池 热失控 热成像 面积变化率 图像处理 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]