地下狭长空间排烟阀开启方式优化研究  

Study on the optimization of smoke exhaust valve opening method for narrow underground space

作　　者：赵江平[1] 杨锦扬 倪雯宇 高鑫[1] ZHAO Jiangping;YANG Jinyang;NI Wenyu;GAO Xin(College of Resource Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第10期3561-3567,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：地下狭长空间排烟阀的开启方式不同对排烟效果有一定的影响,目前大多数研究排烟阀开启方式为同时开启方式,从排烟阀的控制方式进行研究,针对现有排烟阀开启方式进行优化,采用逐个开启的点动控制方式。以某多层地下交通枢纽内的下行车道为原型,建立地下狭长空间模型,并运用火灾动力学模拟(Fire Dynamics Simulator,FDS)软件对地下狭长空间火灾进行模拟仿真,并分析各工况的减光率、烟气层高度、排烟效率和速度场参数的变化,比较2种排烟阀开启方式的排烟效果。结果表明:地下狭长空间内排烟阀采用优化后的点动控制方式,有效地解决了负压干扰问题,点动控制方式能和常规方法一样保持良好的烟气控制效果;但从模拟结果来看,点动控制方式的排烟效果提升并不明显。点动控制方式可为排烟阀开启方式的优化研究提供更好基础,也能够对类似工程排烟设计提供借鉴或参考。Different ways of opening the smoke exhaust valves in underground narrow spaces have a certain impact on the smoke exhaust effect,and most of the current studies of its smoke exhaust valves are using the way of simultaneous opening.In this paper,the control mode of smoke exhaust valves is studied,and the existing smoke exhaust valves are optimized for the inching control mode of opening one by one.Using the downstream lane in a multi-story underground transportation hub as a prototype,we establish an underground narrow space model and simulate the underground narrow space fire using FDS simulation software to study and analyze the changes inlight reduction rate,smoke layer height,smoke exhaust efficiency and velocity field parameters for each working condition,and compare the smoke exhaust effect of two smoke exhaust valve opening methods.The results show that the optimized inching control method of the smoke exhaust valve can effectively solve the problem of negative pressure interference.Even if the longitudinal wind speed in the narrow underground space is changed,the inching control method can maintain the same good smoke control effect as the conventional method;however,from the simulation results,the smoke exhaust effect of the inching control method is not significantly improved,so further tests are needed to verify its feasibility and effectiveness and to improve the smoke exhaust effect of the optimized method.The results of this study can provide a better basis for the optimization of smoke exhaust valves.According to the proposed optimized design scheme,it is more difficult for the designer,and the increase inequipment increases the cost.So the next research needs to further improve the smoke exhaust effect around the optimized method to increase the practical feasibility,and the proposed inching control method can also provide reference or reference for the smoke exhaust design of similar projects in the future.

关 键 词：安全工程 狭长空间 火灾 排烟阀 点动控制 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]