煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故统计分析及应急管理研究  

Study on statistical analysis and emergency management of coal mine gas explosion accident

作　　者：景国勋[1,2] 穆璐璐 JING Guoxun;MU Lulu(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;Anyang Institute of Technology,Anyang 455000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]安阳工学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第10期3657-3665,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1904210,51774120)。

摘　　要：为研究近几年我国煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故特征,统计分析了2015—2021年发生的63起瓦斯爆炸事故,运用数理统计法、改进人因分析与分类系统(Human Factor Analysis and Classification System,HFACS)模型、卡方检验和让步比分析法对瓦斯爆炸事故的发生规律和致因因素进行了研究。结果表明:山西、陕西、黑龙江3个省瓦斯爆炸事故起数和死亡人数分别占全国的28.57%和37.9%,是重点防控省份;每年的12月发生的瓦斯爆炸事故最多,造成的伤害最大,且在交接班时段及每班接班后的第1~2 h事故频发率最高;管理因素、组织氛围缺失、监督不到位、操作者不良状态、操作失误是影响瓦斯爆炸的5大高频致因因素和导致瓦斯爆炸发生的高频因果链,是瓦斯爆炸事故应急管理的防控重点。To deeply investigate the current situation and characteristics of coal mine gas explosion accidents,this paper takes 63 gas explosion accidents from 2015 to 2021 as the research object,and uses the statistical analysis method combined with charts to analyze the accident level,area,month,time,and detonation fire.The number of accidents and fatalities is sorted and analyzed from five dimensions of source,and the improved Human Factor Analysis and Classification System(HFACS)model is used to construct five causal levels including external factors,organizational influence,unsafe supervision behavior,preconditions for unsafe behavior,and unsafe behavior.The causal factor model of coal mine gas explosion accidents and the causal relationship in different causal levels is analyzed with the help of the chi-square test and concession ratio analysis method.The results show that:(1)Shanxi,Shaanxi,and Heilongjiang account for 28.57%and 37.9%of the total number of gas explosion accidents in the country,and they are the key prevention and control provinces.(2)From October to December every year,the most accidents occur,causing the most injuries,and the accident frequency is the highest during the shift period and the 1st to 2nd hours after each shift.(3)Management factors,lack of organizational atmosphere,inadequate supervision,poor operator status,and operational errors are the five high-frequency causal factors affecting gas explosions and the high-frequency causal chain leading to gas explosions.Insufficient supervision by government supervision departments is the deepest causative factor,which leads to the lack of organizational atmosphere and loopholes in the organizational process of coal mining enterprises.As a result,it has adverse effects on coal miners and eventually leads to accidents.Therefore,to reduce and prevent the occurrence of gas explosion accidents,coal mining enterprises must pay attention to emergency management,and establish an emergency management index system in the whole life cycle to provide a certa

关 键 词：安全社会工程 瓦斯爆炸事故 改进的人因分析与分类系统(HFACS)模型 卡方检验 让步比 应急管理 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]