需求推动的应急物资供应链效率评价研究  

Research on efficiency evaluation of emergency materials supply chain driven by demand

作　　者：孙学军[1] 王灵晨 孟媛 SUN Xuejun;WANG Lingchen;MENG Yuan(School of Economics and Management,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院经济管理学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第10期3682-3688,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：河南省高校哲学社会科学智库研究项目(2021-ZKYJ-17)。

摘　　要：为解决应急物资供应过程中供需失衡、效率低下等问题,以突发公共卫生事件的应急活动为切入点,阐释应急物资供应链运行机制,解析应急物资供应链的内在结构和不同单元主体的逻辑,据此构建需求推动下的三阶段应急物资供应链模型。并引入应急供应链效率评价指标体系,选取2020—2022年新冠疫情下的重点爆发地作为评价单元,运用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)方法得出的评价结果符合社会实际,验证了该模型应用于需求推动的应急物资供应链效率评价是合理的。From the perspective of demand-pull,this study intends to build up a multi-stage model of the emergency material supply chain driven by demand and construct an evaluation system for emergency material supply chain indicators.This article started with the operational mechanism and internal structure of the emergency supply chain,pointed out the logical characteristics of demand-driven,described the multi-stage form and operational process of the emergency supply chain,and summarized the practical problems that exist in the emergency supply chain.Then,based on the structure of the emergency material supply chain,it designed a three-stage evaluation model that contains the participation of the supplier,emergency command center,and demand side,including 9 input indicators and 9 output indicators.In addition,to test and verify the validity and scientificity of the model,some key outbreak areas of COVID 19 in 20202022 were selected as the evaluation units,such as Wuhan,Shanghai,and Changchun.Network DEA was selected as the main evaluation method,which is widely used to study multi-stage efficiency evaluation.Aided by preset evaluation indicators,this article innovatively completed the supply chain efficiency evaluation from the perspective of demand-driven.The analysis results show that Wuhan,Shanghai,and Changchun indicate different efficiency levels at each stage and overall chain.Changchun achieves scale effectiveness in all aspects,while Shanghai has lower efficiency.This different efficiency level is consistent with the actual results,verifying the validity of the evaluation method and the rationality of the evaluation perspective.The above-mentioned results prove that the multi-stage model of the emergency material supply chain driven by demand can not only help us evaluate the efficiency of the existing emergency supplies supply level but also provide practical data support for the improvement and enhancement of the emergency material supply system in the later stage.

关 键 词：公共安全 应急物资 应急供应链 效率评价 

分 类 号：X93[环境科学与工程—安全科学]