低温锻炼提高水稻秧苗耐低温能力的生理和分子机制研究  

Study on the Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Improving Low Temperature Tolerance in Rice Seedlings via Earlier Low Temperature Priming

作　　者：徐青山 魏倩倩 孔亚丽 潘林 朱练峰[1] 田文昊 张均华[1] 朱春权 XU Qingshan;WEI Qianqian;KONG Yali;PAN Lin;ZHU Lianfeng;TIAN Wenhao;ZHANG Junhua;ZHU Chunquan(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310006;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230039;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157000)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [2]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230039 [3]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157000

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第10期2099-2106,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1500403);浙江省重点研发计划(2023C02005);国家自然科学基金青年基金(42207415)。

摘　　要：为研究低温锻炼对提高水稻耐低温能力的作用及其生理和分子机制,本研究设置四个处理:无锻炼+常温处理(N+N)、无锻炼+低温处理(N+C)、低温锻炼+常温处理(E+N)、低温锻炼+低温处理(E+C),测定水稻秧苗的生化指标和基因表达。结果表明,前期低温锻炼显著提高了水稻秧苗在低温胁迫下的根系活力、叶片水势、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、实际光化学效率和最大光化学效率,E+C处理较N+C分别增加70.39%、6.20%、15.89%、13.69%、32.11%和19.07%。同时,前期低温锻炼使低温胁迫下水稻秧苗的过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著提高13.27%~17.83%,丙二醛含量降低25.87%,耐冷基因OsLti6a、OsLti6b、OsCOIN和OsTrx23的相对表达量提高0.15~1.26倍。上述结果表明,低温锻炼可通过维持水分代谢、缓解光抑制、增加抗氧化能力和提高耐冷基因的相对表达量来增强水稻秧苗的耐低温能力。本研究结果为进一步阐明逆境锻炼提高植株耐性提供了理论依据。In order to explore the physiological and molecular mechanism of low temperature priming on improving low temperature tolerance in rice,four treatments were set up as following:without low temperature priming+normal temperature treatment(N+N),without low temperature priming+low temperature treatment(N+C),low temperature priming+normal temperature treatment(E+N),low temperature priming+low temperature treatment(E+C)to determine the biochemical indexes and gene expression of rice seedlings.The results showed that early low temperature priming significantly increased the root activity,leaf water potential,chlorophyll a content,chlorophyll b content,actual photochemical efficiency and maximum photochemistry efficiency of rice seedlings by 70.39%,6.20%,15.89%,13.69%,32.11%and 19.07%,respectively,under low temperature treatment conditions.In addition,the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased by 13.27%-17.83%,malondialdehyde content was decreased by 25.87%,and the relative expression of cold tolerance genes OsLti6a,OsLti6b,OsCOIN and OsTrx23 were increased by 0.15-1.26 folds.The above results indicated that early low temperature priming enhanced the low temperature tolerance of rice seedlings by maintaining water metabolism,alleviating photoinhibition,increasing antioxidant capacity and increasing the relative expression of cold tolerance genes.The results of present study provide a theoretical basis for further elucidating the improvement of plant tolerance by adversity priming.

关 键 词：低温锻炼 低温胁迫 水稻 抗氧化酶 耐冷基因 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]