辐射诱变冰糖橙早熟突变体的遗传鉴定与品种特性  

Genetic Identification and Variety Characteristics in Early Maturing Bingtang Sweet Orange Mutant Obtained by Radiation Mutagenesis

作　　者：王驰 黄伟 龚玲 何淙 邓钢桥 邓子牛[1,3] 龙桂友[1,3] 李娜[1,3] WANG Chi;HUANG Wei;GONG Ling;HE Cong;DENG Gangqiao;DENG Ziniu;LONG Guiyou;LI Na(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128;Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agronomy and Aerospace Breeding,Changsha,Hunan 410125;National Center for Citrus Improvement(Changsha),Changsha,Hunan 410128)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]国家柑橘改良中心长沙分中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第11期2117-2125,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ30009);湖南省水果产业技术体系柑橘育种岗位专项;湖南省重点研发计划(2022NK2015)。

摘　　要：为探究辐射诱变冰糖橙果实提早着色性状的遗传变异,果实着色与糖酸内在品质表现,以及辐射诱变冰糖橙是否为早熟突变体,以突变体与对照冰糖橙为材料,对比分析春梢长度、春梢叶片、花器官、果实大小、果皮颜色转变、主要物候期等性状和特性的变化,应用分子标记鉴定遗传变异,比较两者果实中可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、固酸比的变化以及蔗糖和柠檬酸代谢相关基因的表达。结果表明,与对照冰糖橙相比,突变体春梢显著变短,成熟时果实较大,果皮和果肉提前15 d转色成橙黄色和橙色,主要物候期提早2~5 d,插入或缺失(InDel)标记和简单序列重复(SSR)标记引物扩增都存在差异条带,突变体发生了遗传改变。早熟突变体果实外观颜色与内在品质在花后190 d同步达到正常成熟度,可溶性固形物、可滴定酸及固酸比分别为14.53°Brix、0.46%和31.59,表现为低酸、降酸早、固酸比值高,比对照提早15 d成熟。蔗糖和柠檬酸的合成、降解、转运相关基因的表达分析结果表明,早熟突变体蔗糖合成多、转运早,柠檬酸合成少、降解快、贮运少,与果实品质表现低酸、降酸早、固酸比高基本吻合。综上,辐射诱变突变体发生了植物性状、生物特性、DNA的遗传改变,果实降酸早、含酸低、固酸比高,11月上旬着色成熟。研究结果为该突变体的进一步选育和登记早熟冰糖橙新品种奠定了基础。In order to investigate the genetical variations in early coloring trait of irradiation-induced mutant Bingtang sweet orange,the early coloring of the fruits and the changes in the intrinsic quality of sugar and acid,and validate whether it was an early-maturing mutant.The mutant and the control Bingtang sweet orange were used as materials,the changes in traits and characteristics such as spring tip length,spring tip leaves,floral organs,fruit size,peel color change,and the main seasonal period were analyzed.Molecular markers were applied to identify the genetic variations,and the changes in the soluble solids,titratable acid,and solidacid ratio,as well as the expression of the genes related to sucrose and citric acid metabolism in the fruits of the mutant and control Bingtang sweet orange were investigated.The results showed that the mutant had significantly shorter spring tips,larger fruits at maturity,peel and flesh coloring orange-yellow and orange 15 d earlier,and the main seasonal period was 2-5 d earlier than that of the control Bingtang sweet orange.Differential bands were found in the amplification in mutant with both insertion and deletion(InDel)markers and simple sequence repeats(SSR)markers,showing genetically alteration.The external color and internal quality of the early maturing mutant fruit reached normal ripeness at 190 d after flowering,with soluble solids,titratable acidity,and sugar-to-acid ratio of 14.53°Brix,0.46%and 31.59,respectively.The mutant exhibited low acidity,early acid reduction,high sugar-to-acid ratio,and matured 15 days earlier than the control.Expression analysis of genes related to sucrose and citric acid synthesis,degradation,and transport revealed that the synthesis of sucrose in the early maturing mutant was higher and the transport was early,while the synthesis of citric acid was lower,and the degradation was faster and storage was less.These characteristics were aligned with the fruit quality.In conclusion,the irradiation-induced mutant underwent changes in plant traits,

关 键 词：冰糖橙 早熟 分子标记 果实品质 基因表达 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]