冰样在钢包水模型中的运动融化及混匀研究  

Study on Motion Melting and Mixing of Ice Samples in a Water Model of Ladle

作　　者：朱江俊 陈超[1] 范晋平[1] 李林博 陈闽 杨慧波 林万明[1,2] ZHU Jiangjun;CHEN Chao;FAN Jinping;LI Linbo;CHEN Min;YANG Huibo;LIN Wanming(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of New Energy and Materials Engineering,Shanxi Electronic Science and Technology Institute,Linfen 041075,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030024 [2]山西电子科技学院新能源与材料工程学院,山西临汾041075

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2023年第6期1063-1069,共7页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904204);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2022-040);国家大学生创新创业计划项目(202110112052);山西省大学生创新创业计划项目(20220118)。

摘　　要：【目的】钢包冶金中通常加入块状或整袋合金料及石灰辅料,近年来也有企业报道在钢包精炼炉中加入废钢的新工艺,研究上述固态物质在钢包精炼过程的熔化及均匀化机理,能够优化精炼工艺,有利于加快生产节奏。【方法】通过水模型实验,使用冰及盐水溶液制成的冰样来分别模拟轻合金和重合金,研究两种冰样在260 t钢包水模型中的融化、运动及混匀规律,研究温度、底吹气量、液面高度、加入位置等因素对其规律的影响。【结果】结果表明,温度升高可以使两种冰样融化时间大幅度降低。轻质冰样(冰球)通过增加吹气流量可以显著加快其融化过程;液面高度较高时(高径比为1.1),融化时间较短;冰球融化受其加入位置的影响较小。从液面上方远离吹气孔位置加入重质冰样(盐球)后,盐球在钢包底部停留,融化较慢。从吹气孔上方加入盐球时,其与羽流区气泡冲刷机会增加,融化时间缩短。增大气体流量能够缩短盐球的融化时间,液面高度对其影响不大。盐球受到羽流区气泡的冲刷有利于缩短融化时间和混匀时间。【Purposes】In ladle metallurgy,block or whole bag alloy materials and lime are usually added.In recent years,some companies have reported a new process of adding scrap steel to ladle refining furnace.Studying the melting and homogenization mechanism of the above solid substances in the ladle refining process can optimize the refining process and accelerate production rate.【Methods】Ice sample and ice sphere made by KCl solution were used in the water model experiment separately to study the mechanisms of motion,melting,and mixing of alloy in a 260 t ladle.These two samples were selected to simulate the light and heavy alloys respectively.The effects of factors such as temperature,bottom blowing flow rate,liquid level height,and addition position on the mechanicms were studied.【Findings】The results show that the melting time of both two ice samples decreases dramatically with increasing temperature.The melting process of light ice sample(ice sphere)can be obviously accelerated by increasing the gas flowrate.When the liquid level is high,i.e.the ratio of liquid level to the diameter is 1.1,the melting time of ice sphere is relative short.The melting of ice sphere can hardly be affected by its adding position.For the heavy ice sample(salt sphere),when added from a position which is far away from the nozzle,it stays at the bottom of the ladle and melts slowly.When the salt sphere is added above the nozzle,the chances of washing by the bubbles from plume area increase and the melting time is shortened.Increasing the gas flow rate can reduce the melting time of the salt sphere,and the liquid level has a negligible effect.When the salt sphere is scoured by the bubbles in plume area,the melting time and mixing time are shortened.

关 键 词：合金 钢包 水模型 冰 融化 混匀 

分 类 号：TF769.2[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]