西藏阿里地区主要造林树种扦插育苗及营造林技术研究  

Study on Cutting Seedling and Afforestation Technology of Main Afforestation Tree Species in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet

作　　者：王玉婷 辛福梅[2] 格桑曲珍 单增罗布 WANG Yuting;XIN Fumei;quzhen Gesang;luobu Danzeng(Tibet Institute of Forest Trees,Lhasa Tibet,850000;Resources&Environment College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi Tibet,860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区林木科学研究院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《高原农业》2023年第5期528-534,共7页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西藏自治区重点区域造林项目(2016009);国家林业和草原局种质资源库(2005DKA21003);重点实验室西藏高原生物多样性保育与植被恢复实验室建设(XZ202001YD0012C)。

摘　　要：西藏阿里地区植被稀少、自然环境极其恶劣,为加速乡土树种育苗扩繁,提高造林成活率和保存率,采用不同年份班公柳和秀丽水柏枝插条设置无地膜、有地膜、ABT1号生根粉5个浓度梯度(CK、50、100、150、200 mg/L)处理进行扦插试验,选取沙柳、班公柳、秀丽水柏枝设置插杆长度30、40、50 cm+露出地面长度0、5、10 cm插杆造林试验,选取蒙古柳、沙柳设置平茬(1/2)、平茬(1/3)、未打头(CK)平茬复壮营造林试验。结果表明:(1)覆膜较无地膜能提高30%扦插成活率,二年生班公柳和秀丽水柏枝插条生长指标最好,ABT1号生根粉浓度为100 mg/L时,班公柳(84.6%)和秀丽水柏枝(100%)成活率最高。(2)沙柳(96%)和班公柳(80%)的插杆造林成活率较高,秀丽水柏枝成活率最低,3种柳树在高度、地径、丛生数上体现出不同优势。(3)不同程度的柳树平茬营造林成活率可达62.5%以上,平茬(1/2)成活率最高,在平茬复壮后分枝数翻倍增长。在阿里地区扦插育苗扩繁是可行的,不同插杆方式、平茬复壮均可提高营造林成效。In the remote Ngari area of Tibet,where vegetation is scarce and the natural environment is extremely harsh,there is a need to accelerate the propagation of native tree species and enhance afforestation success rates and preservation efforts.To address these challenges,the cutting experiments were carried out with the cuttings of Salix bangongensis and Myricaria elegans Royle,harvested from different years,and subjected to five concentration gradients(CK,50,100,150,200 mg/L)with and without plastic film covering,along with the application of ABT1 root powder.Additionally,Salix cheilophila,Salix bangongensis,and Myricaria elegans Royle were selected for afforestation trials,with varying rod insertion lengths(30,40,50 cm)and exposed above-ground lengths(0,5,10 cm).Furthermore,Salix linearistipularis and Salix cheilophila were utilized in afforestation experiments employing different levels of flat stubble(1/2),flat stubble(1/3),and unheaded flat stubble(CK).The findings of the study revealed that film mulching significantly improved cutting survival rates,with a marked increase of approximately 30%compared to non-mulched conditions.Notably,two-year-old Salix bangongensis and Myricaria elegans Royle cuttings exhibited the most favorable growth indicators.Moreover,the highest survival rates for Salix bangongensis(84.6%)and Myricaria elegans Royle(100%)were observed at an ABT1 root powder concentration of 100 mg/L.Furthermore,among the willow species utilized in the afforestation trials,Salix cheilophila demonstrated a survival rate of 96%,while Salix bangongensis showed a rate of 80%.In contrast,Myricaria elegans Royle exhibited the lowest survival rate.Each of the three willow species showcased distinct advantages concerning height,ground diameter,and cluster numbers.The survival rate of different degrees of willow flat stubble was more than 62.5%.Flat stubble(1/2)had the highest survival rate.The number of branches doubled in stubble after rejuvenation.In conclusion,it is feasible to expand and propagate the cuttin

关 键 词：班公柳 秀丽水柏枝 扦插育苗 营造林 

分 类 号：S725.79[农业科学—林木遗传育种]