鄱阳湖典型底栖生物中微塑料的污染特征及生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Typical Benthic Organisms of Poyang Lake

作　　者：杨平华[1] 陈雯琪 肖珊珊 方昌宇 Yang Pinghua;Chen Wenqi;Xiao Shanshan;Fang Changyu(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang 332005,China)

机构地区：[1]九江学院化学化工学院,江西省生态化工研究中心,江西九江332005

出　　处：《广东化工》2023年第21期123-125,148,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20202BABL203028);江西省高等学校教学改革研究课题(JXJG-20-17-7);九江市重点科技研发项目(S2021ZDYFN050)。

摘　　要：采集了鄱阳湖两种底栖动物(铜锈环棱螺、圆顶珠蚌)样品,通过消解组织、密度浮选法分离、滤膜过滤和体视显微镜筛检出微塑料。分析了微塑料的污染特征,初步评价了微塑料生态风险。结果表明:所有样品中均能检出微塑料。铜锈环棱螺与圆顶珠蚌中微塑料平均值分别为1793.0个/kg、1563.0个/kg,二者均以白色、纤维及2000~5000μm为主。内梅罗指数法评价铜锈环棱螺中微塑料属于中污染,圆顶珠蚌中属于轻污染。污染负荷指数法评价为铜锈环棱螺与圆顶珠蚌中微塑料均属于轻微污染。Samples of two benthic animals(Bellamya aeruginosa and Unio douglasiae)in Poyang Lake were collected.Microplastics were identified through tissue digestion,density flotation separation,membrane filtration,and stereomicroscope screening.Analyzed the pollution characteristics of microplastics and preliminarily evaluated the ecological risks of microplastics.The results indicate that microplastics can be detected in all samples.The average values of microplastics in the Bellamya aeruginosa and Unio douglasiae are 1793.0 n/kg and 1563.0 n/kg,respectively.Both are mainly in white,fiber,and 2000-5000μm.The Nemero index method evaluates that the Bellamya aeruginosa belongs to medium pollution,while the Unio douglasiae belongs to light pollution.The pollution load index method evaluates that both are slightly polluted.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 底栖生物 微塑料 污染特征 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]