不同淀粉来源及其糊化程度对团头鲂生长性能、养分消化率和糖脂代谢的影响  

Effects of different starch sources and gelatinization degreeson the growth performance,nutrients digestibility and glycolipidmetabolism of blunt snout bream( Megalobrama amblycephala )

作　　者：陈伟亮 张丽 张玲 刘文斌 李向飞 CHEN Weiliang;ZHANG Li;ZHANG Ling;LIU Wenbin;LI Xiangfei(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province,College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第6期1169-1178,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-45-12)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究不同淀粉来源及其糊化程度对团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)生长性能、养分消化率和糖脂代谢的影响。[方法]采用2×2双因素试验设计,选取小麦淀粉和玉米淀粉2种淀粉源,以其是否糊化为因素,配制成4种试验饲料。试验选取320尾初始体重为(19.95±0.14)g的团头鲂幼鱼,随机分成4组(即生小麦淀粉组、糊化小麦淀粉组、生玉米淀粉组、糊化玉米淀粉组),每组5个重复,养殖期为10周。[结果]不同淀粉来源仅对肝脏脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthetase,fas)基因表达有显著影响,且玉米淀粉组表达显著高于小麦淀粉组。在糊化程度方面,生淀粉组采食量、增重率和特定生长率均显著高于糊化淀粉组,但干物质消化率、血糖与肝糖原含量及肝脏葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate,g6pdh)、fas和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(acetyl-CoA carboxylase α,accα)基因表达量均显著低于糊化淀粉组。此外,不同淀粉来源及其加工方式的交互作用对增重率、特定生长率、干物质消化率、血糖与肝糖原含量及g6pdh和fas的表达均有显著影响。其中,生玉米淀粉组增重率和特定生长率最高;生小麦淀粉组干物质消化率最低;而糊化玉米淀粉组血糖、肝糖原含量及g6pdh和fas表达最高。[结论]淀粉糊化程度对团头鲂的生长性能、养分消化率和糖脂代谢均有显著影响,而淀粉来源的影响相对较小。综合来看,生玉米淀粉组增重率和干物质消化率较高,而血糖水平及糖原与脂肪沉积较低,更适合作为团头鲂的糖源。[Objectives]The paper aimed to investigate the effects of different starch sources and gelatinization degrees on the growth performance,nutrients digestibility and glycolipid metabolism of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala).[Methods]A 2×2 factorial design was adopted in this study.Wheat starch and corn starch were selected as two starch sources,while raw and gelatinization were designated as different gelatinization degrees.Then,four feeds were formulated respectively,including the raw wheat starch feed,the gelatinized wheat starch feed,the raw corn starch feed,and the gelatinized corn starch feed.A total of 320 juvenile blunt snout bream with an initial weight of(19.95±0.14)g were randomly divided into 4 groups.Each group had 5 replicates,and each tank held 16 fishes.The feeding trial lasted 10 weeks.[Results]Dietary starch source only significantly affected the transcription of fatty acid synthetase(fas)gene with a significantly high value observed in the corn starch group.In terms of gelatinization degree,the feed consumption,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate of raw starch were all significantly higher than those of gelatinized starch,whereas the opposite was true for dry matter digestibility,plasma glucose level,liver glycogen content and hepatic transcriptions of glucose-6-phosphate(g6pdh),fas and acetyl-CoA carboxylaseα(accα)genes.In addition,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,dry matter digestibility,plasma glucose level,liver glycogen content,and the transcriptions of g6pdh and fas were all significantly affected by the interaction between starch source and gelatinization degree.The raw corn starch group obtained the highest weight gain rate and specific growth rate,while the raw wheat starch group obtained the lowest dry matter digestibility.In addition,the gelatinized corn starch group obtained the highest blood glucose level,liver glycogen content,and hepatic transcriptions of g6pdh and fas.[Conclusions]The gelatinization degree of starch significantly affected the growth perfor

关 键 词：团头鲂 淀粉来源 糊化程度 生长性能 养分消化率 糖脂代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]