色林错表层水体真核微生物多样性和群落分布格局  

Diversity and community distribution pattern of eukaryotic microbes in surface water of Selin Co

作　　者：薛曌 王兰 孟华旦尚 王亚龙 郭小芳 德吉[1] XUE Zhao;WANG Lan;MENG Huadanshang;WANG Yalong;GUO Xiaofang;Deji(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;The High School Affiliated to Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏民族大学附属中学,陕西咸阳712082

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2023年第5期1652-1666,共15页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960024);西藏大学“高水平人才培养计划”项目(2021-GSP-S036)资助。

摘　　要：真核微生物作为高原湖泊生态系统食物网的关键组成部分,对维持高原湖泊生态平衡和促进生态系统营养流动过程至关重要。为研究色林错表层水体真核微生物多样性及其群落结构,2022年6月对色林错南岸(NA)、北岸(BA)和入水口(RSK)表层水体进行采样。基于18S rRNA基因高通量测序技术对样品进行分析,通过α多样性指数认识真核微生物群落的差异性,利用Pearson相关系数衡量理化因子与α多样性指数的相关性,并采用冗余分析(RDA)探究环境因子对真核微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明,调查共得到1343条OTU,分属9门15属,真核微生物群落主要由纤毛门(Ciliophora)和节足动物门(Arthropoda)组成。α多样性指数表明,色林错表层水体真核微生物群落多样性较低。NMDS分析及ANOSIM检验显示,真核微生物群落的区域间(NA、BA、RSK)差异大于区域内差异。Pearson相关性分析表明,电导率(EC)、总溶解固体量(TDS)和盐度(Salt)与α多样性指数显著相关。RDA分析结果表明,EC、TDS和Salt是影响色林错表层水体真核微生物群落结构的主要环境因子。本文阐明了色林错真核微生物群落结构组成情况及与环境的关系,为未来色林错收缩或扩张变化后的真核微生物群落动态研究提供参考依据。Eukaryotic microorganisms,as a key component of the food web of plateau lake ecosystem,are very important to maintain the ecological balance of plateau lake and promote the flow of nutrients in the ecosystem.In order to study eukaryotic microbial diversity and community structure in surface waters of Selin Co,Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau,samples were collected from south shore(Nan An,NA),north shore(Bei An,BA)and water inlet(Ru Shui Kou,RSK)of Selin Co in June 2022.The samples were analyzed based on 18S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology,αdiversity index was used to analyze the differences of eukaryotic microbial community,Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the correlation between physicochem⁃ical factors andαdiversity index,redundancy analysis(RDA)was used to explore the impact of environmental factors on the community structure of eukaryotic microbial community.The results showed that a total of 1343 OTUs were obtained,belonging to 9 phyla and 15 genera.The eukaryotic microbial community was mainly composed of Ciliophora and Arthropoda.Theαdiversity index indicated that the eukaryotic microbial communi⁃ty diversity was low in Selin Co surface water.The NMDS analysis and ANOSIM test showed that the differenc⁃es of eukaryotic microbial communities between NA,BA and RSK regions were greater than those within the re⁃gion.Pearson correlation analysis showed that electrical conductivity(EC),total dissolved solids(TDS)and sa⁃linity(Salt)were significantly correlated withαdiversity index.The results of RDA analysis showed that EC,TDS and Salt were the main environmental factors affecting the eukaryotic microbial community structure in Se⁃lin Co surface water.This study elucidates the composition of eukaryotic microbial community and its relation⁃ship with the environment,and provides a reference for the future study of eukaryotic microbial community dy⁃namics after the shrinkage or expansion of Selin Co.

关 键 词：高原湖泊 色林错 真核微生物 多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]